Journal ArticleDOI
Prevention of the First Occurrence of Neural-Tube Defects by Periconceptional Vitamin Supplementation
Andrew E. Czeizel,István Dudás +1 more
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TLDR
A randomized, controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation to test the efficacy of this treatment in reducing the incidence of a first occurrence of neural-tube defects.Abstract:
Background. The risk of recurrent neural-tube defects is decreased in women who take folic acid or multivitamins containing folic acid during the periconceptional period. The extent to which such supplementation can reduce the first occurrence of defects is not known. Methods. We conducted a randomized, controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation to test the efficacy of this treatment in reducing the incidence of a first occurrence of neural-tube defects. Women planning a pregnancy (in most cases their first) were randomly assigned to receive a single tablet of a vitamin supplement (containing 12 vitamins, including 0.8 mg of folic acid; 4 minerals; and 3 trace elements) or a trace-element supplement (containing copper, manganese, zinc, and a very low dose of vitamin C) daily for at least one month before conception and until the date of the second missed menstrual period or later. Results. Pregnancy was confirmed in 4753 women. The outcome of the pregnancy (whether the fetu...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Placental concentrations of mercury, lead, cadmium, and arsenic and the risk of neural tube defects in a Chinese population.
TL;DR: Higher placental levels of Hg are associated with an elevated risk of NTDs, and in utero exposure to mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) is associated with a elevated neural tube defects risk.
Book ChapterDOI
Folate and one-carbon metabolism and its impact on aberrant DNA methylation in cancer.
Jia Jenny Liu,Robyn L. Ward +1 more
TL;DR: Changes to folate intake appear to be capable of modulating DNA methylation levels in the human colonic mucosa and this may potentially alter CRC risk.
Journal ArticleDOI
Six Paths for the Future of Social Epidemiology
Sandro Galea,Bruce G. Link +1 more
TL;DR: The strengths of social epidemiology are scanned to imagine paths forward that will make the field distinct and useful to the understanding of population health in future, and 6 paths are suggested.
Journal ArticleDOI
Maternal periconceptional vitamins: interactions with selected factors and congenital anomalies?
Gary M. Shaw,Verne Nelson,Suzan L. Carmichael,Edward J. Lammer,Richard H. Finnell,Thomas H. Rosenquist +5 more
TL;DR: Compared with women who used vitamins and did not smoke periconceptionally, anomaly risks tended to be highest among women who did not use vitamins and smoked, and no specific pattern emerged involving alcohol intake.
Journal ArticleDOI
Use of folic acid supplements, particularly by low-income and young women: a series of systematic reviews to inform public health policy in the UK.
Lynn Stockley,Vivien Lund +1 more
TL;DR: Campaigns and interventions have the potential to exacerbate socio-economic inequalities in folic acid use and need to be based on good health promotion practice and to be sustained over a long period.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Double-blind randomised controlled trial of folate treatment before conception to prevent recurrence of neural-tube defects.
TL;DR: It is concluded that folic acid supplementation might be a cheap, safe, and effective method of primary prevention of neural-tube defects but that this must be confirmed in a large, multicentre trial.
Journal ArticleDOI
Possible prevention of neural-tube defects by periconceptional vitamin supplementation.
R.W. Smithells,Sheila Sheppard,C. J. Schorah,Mary J. Seller,N.C. Nevin,Rodney Harris,Andrew P. Read,D.W. Fielding +7 more
TL;DR: Women who had previously given birth to one or more infants with a neural-tube defect were recruited into a trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation and found no difference in the number of infants/fetuses with an NTD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dietary folate as a risk factor for neural-tube defects: evidence from a case-control study in Western Australia.
Carol Bower,Fiona J. Stanley +1 more
TL;DR: The hypothesis that the dietary intake of folate in early pregnancy protects against the occurrence of isolated neural‐tube defects in infants is supported, and trends were seen when total folate intake was the exposure variable.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Absence of a Relation between the Periconceptional Use of Vitamins and Neural-Tube Defects
James L. Mills,George G. Rhoads,Simpson Jl,G C Cunningham,Mary Conley,Melinda R. Lassman,Walden Me,Depp Or,Howard J. Hoffman +8 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that the periconceptional use of multivitamins or folate-containing supplements by American women does not decrease the risk of having an infant with a neural-tube defect.
Journal ArticleDOI
Primary prevention of neural tube defects with folic acid supplementation: Cuban experience.
TL;DR: The results suggest that folic acid supplementation might be an effective method of primary prevention of neural tube defects.