Journal ArticleDOI
Prevention of the First Occurrence of Neural-Tube Defects by Periconceptional Vitamin Supplementation
Andrew E. Czeizel,István Dudás +1 more
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TLDR
A randomized, controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation to test the efficacy of this treatment in reducing the incidence of a first occurrence of neural-tube defects.Abstract:
Background. The risk of recurrent neural-tube defects is decreased in women who take folic acid or multivitamins containing folic acid during the periconceptional period. The extent to which such supplementation can reduce the first occurrence of defects is not known. Methods. We conducted a randomized, controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation to test the efficacy of this treatment in reducing the incidence of a first occurrence of neural-tube defects. Women planning a pregnancy (in most cases their first) were randomly assigned to receive a single tablet of a vitamin supplement (containing 12 vitamins, including 0.8 mg of folic acid; 4 minerals; and 3 trace elements) or a trace-element supplement (containing copper, manganese, zinc, and a very low dose of vitamin C) daily for at least one month before conception and until the date of the second missed menstrual period or later. Results. Pregnancy was confirmed in 4753 women. The outcome of the pregnancy (whether the fetu...read more
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Recent developments in orofacial cleft genetics.
Francesco Carinci,Furio Pezzetti,Luca Scapoli,Marcella Martinelli,Anna Avantaggiato,Paolo Carinci,Ernesto Padula,U. Baciliero,Fernando Gombos,Gregorio Laino,Rosario Rullo,Roberto Cenzi,Fredrick Carls,Mauro Tognon +13 more
TL;DR: Heterogeneity of each group caused by the number of involved genes, type of inheritance, and interaction with environmental factors is discussed, as well as the more sound results obtained with different approaches: epidemiological studies, animal models, human genetic studies, and in vitro studies.
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Nutrigenetics and nutraceuticals: the next wave riding on personalized medicine.
TL;DR: Developing nutraceuticals to prevent and manage thrombosis risk in women withThrombophilic gene mutations are discussed in the context of the opportunities that exist at the nutrigenetic/pharmacogenetic interphase leading to "personalized nutrition."
Journal ArticleDOI
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase: biochemical characterization and medical significance.
TL;DR: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase plays a key role in folate metabolism and in the homeostasis of homocysteine; mutations in the enzyme lead to hyperhomocyst(e)inemia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of continuing folic acid after the first trimester of pregnancy: findings of a randomized trial of Folic Acid Supplementation in the Second and Third Trimesters
Breige A. McNulty,Helene McNulty,Barry Marshall,Mary Ward,Anne M. Molloy,John M. Scott,James Dornan,Kristina Pentieva +7 more
TL;DR: Investigation of maternal folate and homocysteine responses and related effects in the newborn that resulted from continued FA supplementation after the first trimester of pregnancy found continued supplementation with 400 μg FA/d in trimesters 2 and 3 of pregnancy can increase maternal and cord blood folate status and prevent the increase in homocystenine concentration that otherwise occurs in late pregnancy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Marginal biotin deficiency is teratogenic.
Janos Zempleni,Donald M. Mock +1 more
TL;DR: Analysis of data from a published multivitamin supplementation study provides significant albeit indirect evidence that the marginal degree of biotin deficiency that occurs spontaneously in normal human gestation is teratogenic and investigation of potential mechanisms provides evidence that biotin transport by the human placenta is weak.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Double-blind randomised controlled trial of folate treatment before conception to prevent recurrence of neural-tube defects.
TL;DR: It is concluded that folic acid supplementation might be a cheap, safe, and effective method of primary prevention of neural-tube defects but that this must be confirmed in a large, multicentre trial.
Journal ArticleDOI
Possible prevention of neural-tube defects by periconceptional vitamin supplementation.
R.W. Smithells,Sheila Sheppard,C. J. Schorah,Mary J. Seller,N.C. Nevin,Rodney Harris,Andrew P. Read,D.W. Fielding +7 more
TL;DR: Women who had previously given birth to one or more infants with a neural-tube defect were recruited into a trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation and found no difference in the number of infants/fetuses with an NTD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dietary folate as a risk factor for neural-tube defects: evidence from a case-control study in Western Australia.
Carol Bower,Fiona J. Stanley +1 more
TL;DR: The hypothesis that the dietary intake of folate in early pregnancy protects against the occurrence of isolated neural‐tube defects in infants is supported, and trends were seen when total folate intake was the exposure variable.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Absence of a Relation between the Periconceptional Use of Vitamins and Neural-Tube Defects
James L. Mills,George G. Rhoads,Simpson Jl,G C Cunningham,Mary Conley,Melinda R. Lassman,Walden Me,Depp Or,Howard J. Hoffman +8 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that the periconceptional use of multivitamins or folate-containing supplements by American women does not decrease the risk of having an infant with a neural-tube defect.
Journal ArticleDOI
Primary prevention of neural tube defects with folic acid supplementation: Cuban experience.
TL;DR: The results suggest that folic acid supplementation might be an effective method of primary prevention of neural tube defects.