Journal ArticleDOI
Probiotic administration alters the gut flora and attenuates colitis in mice administered dextran sodium sulfate
Navalpur S. Nanda Kumar,Ramadass Balamurugan,Kabirdoss Jayakanthan,Anna B. Pulimood,Srinivasan Pugazhendhi,Balakrishnan S. Ramakrishna +5 more
TLDR
This study aimed to determine whether prior administration of probiotic lactobacilli and bifidobacteria would prevent disease and change gut flora in an animal model of colitis.Abstract:
Background: Probiotics are used in the therapy of inflammatory bowel disease. This study aimed to determine whether prior administration of probiotic lactobacilli and bifidobacteria would prevent disease and change gut flora in an animal model of colitis.
Methods: Swiss albino mice received a probiotic mixture (four Lactobacillus and four Bifidobacterium species) or medium (control) for a week prior to induction of colitis by oral 4% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for seven days. Appropriate non-colitis controls were used. Histological damage was assessed (n = 5 per group), as was expression of mRNA for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and SOCS-1 in the colonic mucosa (n = 6 per group). Secretion of TNF-α was measured in distal colon organ culture (n = 5–6 per group). Levels of Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus acidophilus in feces were quantified by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting 16S rDNA.
Results: Compared to untreated DSS colitis, probiotic treatment significantly reduced weight loss (P < 0.05), shifted histological damage to lesser grades of severity (P < 0.001), reduced mRNA expression of TNF-α and TGF-β1 (P < 0.05), and down-regulated production of TNF-α from distal colon explants (P < 0.05). Colitis induced a significant reduction in the relative proportions of Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides and Lactobacillus acidophilus group bacteria in feces, and these levels were significantly increased in probiotic-treated mice compared to DSS mice (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Prior administration of probiotic bacteria reduced mucosal inflammation and damage in DSS-induced colitis. DSS colitis was associated with significant changes in the fecal anaerobic bacterial flora and these changes were modulated by administration of probiotic bacteria.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Bacterial infection causes stress-induced memory dysfunction in mice
Mélanie G. Gareau,Eytan Wine,Eytan Wine,David M. Rodrigues,Joon Ho Cho,Mark T. Whary,Dana J. Philpott,Glenda MacQueen,Philip M. Sherman +8 more
TL;DR: Memory dysfunction occurs in infected mice exposed to acute stress, while in the germ-free setting memory is altered at baseline, suggesting the intestinal microbiota influences the ability to form memory.
Journal Article
The potential of probiotics: a review.
Carlos Ricardo Soccol,Luciana Porto de Souza Vandenberghe,Michele Rigon Spier,Adriane Bianchi Pedroni Medeiros,Caroline Tiemi Yamaguishi,Juliano De Dea Lindner,Ashok Pandey,Vanete Thomaz-Soccol +7 more
TL;DR: This paper presents a meta-modelling experiment that aims to demonstrate the efforts towards in-situ applicability of EMMARM, as to provide real-time information about the response of the immune system to EMTs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of the gut microbiota in human nutrition and metabolism
TL;DR: The gut microbiota have potential roles in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, and cognition, which extend well beyond their traditional contribution to nutrition.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of probiotics on inducing remission and maintaining therapy in ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and pouchitis: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
TL;DR: Administration of probiotics results in additional benefit in inducing remission of patients with UC and can provide the similar effect as 5-aminosalicylic acid on maintaining remission of UC, although no additional adverse events presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Pathobiont of the Microbiota Balances Host Colonization and Intestinal Inflammation
Janet Chow,Sarkis K. Mazmanian +1 more
TL;DR: A protective role is revealed for the T6SS of Helicobacter hepaticus, a Gram-negative bacterium of the intestinal microbiota, that limits colonization and intestinal inflammation, and proposes that disruption of such balances contributes to human disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer.
References
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Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative pcr and the 2(-delta delta c(t)) method
TL;DR: The 2-Delta Delta C(T) method as mentioned in this paper was proposed to analyze the relative changes in gene expression from real-time quantitative PCR experiments, and it has been shown to be useful in the analysis of realtime, quantitative PCR data.
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The rdp (ribosomal database project)
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Microbial Influences in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
TL;DR: Altered microbial composition and function in inflammatory bowel diseases result in increased immune stimulation, epithelial dysfunction, or enhanced mucosal permeability, which should lead to selective targeted interventions that correct underlying abnormalities and induce sustained and predictable therapeutic responses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oral bacteriotherapy as maintenance treatment in patients with chronic pouchitis: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Paolo Gionchetti,Fernando Rizzello,A. Venturi,Patrizia Brigidi,Diego Matteuzzi,Gabriele Bazzocchi,Gilberto Poggioli,Mario Miglioli,Massimo Campieri +8 more
TL;DR: Oral administration of a probiotic preparation containing 5 x 10 per gram of viable lyophilized bacteria of 4 strains of lactobacilli, 3 strains of bifidobacteria, and 1 strain of Streptococcus salivarius subsp.
Journal ArticleDOI
Therapeutic manipulation of the enteric microflora in inflammatory bowel diseases: antibiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics
TL;DR: Current clinical trials do not fulfill evidence-based criteria for using these agents in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), but multiple nonrigorous studies and widespread clinical experience suggest that metronidazole and/or ciprofloxacin can treat Crohn's colitis and ileocolitis, whereas selected probiotic preparations prevent relapse of quiescent ulcerativecolitis and relapsing pouchitis.
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