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Journal ArticleDOI

Quaternary Ammonium Salts and Their Antimicrobial Potential: Targets or Nonspecific Interactions?

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TLDR
A review of the structure–activity relationships and the modes of action of the various series of mono‐ and bisquaternary ammonium compounds found to have improved antimicrobial activity against mycobacteria and protozoa.
Abstract
For more than 50 years dequalinium chloride has been used successfully as an antiseptic drug and disinfectant, particularly for clinical purposes. Given the success of dequalinium chloride, several series of mono- and bisquaternary ammonium compounds have been designed and reported to have improved antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, many of them exhibit high activity against mycobacteria and protozoa, especially against plasmodia. This review discusses the structure-activity relationships and the modes of action of the various series of (bis)quaternary ammonium compounds.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds: An Antimicrobial Mainstay and Platform for Innovation to Address Bacterial Resistance

TL;DR: In this review, both QAC development and QAC resistance are documented, and possible strategies for addressing and overcoming QAC-resistant bacteria are discussed.
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Quaternary ammonium-based biomedical materials: State-of-the-art, toxicological aspects and antimicrobial resistance.

TL;DR: Recent evidenced-based data on the biomedical applications of antimicrobial quaternary ammonium-containing biomaterials that are based on randomized human clinical trials, the golden standard in contemporary medicinal science, are included in the present review.
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Antifouling membrane surface construction: Chemistry plays a critical role

TL;DR: This review will highlight the recent progress in antifouling membrane surface construction with a focus on five promising classes of chemistries: bioinspired adhesion chemistry, supramolecular chemistry, mineralization chemistry, click chemistry and coupling chemistry.
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Designing Bioinspired Anti‐Biofouling Surfaces based on a Superwettability Strategy

TL;DR: A novel strategy is proposed for rationally designing bioinspired anti-biofouling surfaces based on superwettability that will bring a new era to both biomedical technology and the marine industry, and will greatly benefit human health and daily life in the near future.
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Current Developments in Antimicrobial Surface Coatings for Biomedical Applications.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the recent developments in antimicrobial surface coatings with respect to biomaterial implants and devices, and the use of polymer chains, or hydrogels is preferred for anti-adhesive strategies.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Antiseptics and Disinfectants: Activity, Action, and Resistance

TL;DR: Known mechanisms of microbial resistance (both intrinsic and acquired) to biocides are reviewed, with emphasis on the clinical implications of these reports.
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Peptide Antimicrobial Agents

TL;DR: The structural requirements of peptides for antiviral and antibacterial activities are evaluated in light of the diverse set of primary and secondary structures described for host defense peptides.
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Plectasin, a Fungal Defensin, Targets the Bacterial Cell Wall Precursor Lipid II

TL;DR: Plectasin, a fungal defensin, acts by directly binding the bacterial cell-wall precursor Lipid II, and a wide range of genetic and biochemical approaches identify cell- wall biosynthesis as the pathway targeted by plectasin.
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Mechanisms of action of antibacterial biocides.

TL;DR: A knowledge and understanding of these lesions offers a powerful tool in the search for novel chemistries and improved biocidal capabilities.
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Multidrug resistance proteins QacA and QacB from Staphylococcus aureus: membrane topology and identification of residues involved in substrate specificity.

TL;DR: QacA represents the first membrane transport protein shown to contain 14 transmembrane segments, and confirms that the major facilitator superfamily contains a family of proteins with 14 trans Membranes segments.
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