Journal ArticleDOI
Reframing the Food–Biodiversity Challenge
Jörn Fischer,David J. Abson,Arvid Bergsten,Neil Collier,Ine Dorresteijn,Jan Hanspach,Kristoffer Hylander,Jannik Schultner,Feyera Senbeta +8 more
TLDR
A new conceptual framework for how to analyze the nexus of food security and biodiversity conservation is offered, which introduces four archetypes of social-ecological system states corresponding to win-win, lose-lose, intensive and degraded landscapes outcomes.Abstract:
Given the serious limitations of production-oriented frameworks, we offer here a new conceptual framework for how to analyze the nexus of food security and biodiversity conservation. We introduce four archetypes of social-ecological system states corresponding to win–win (e.g., agroecology), win–lose (e.g., intensive agriculture), lose–win (e.g., fortress conservation), and lose–lose (e.g., degraded landscapes) outcomes for food security and biodiversity conservation. Each archetype is shaped by characteristic external drivers, exhibits characteristic internal social-ecological features, and has characteristic feedbacks that maintain it. This framework shifts the emphasis from focusing on production only to considering social-ecological dynamics, and enables comparison among landscapes. Moreover, examining drivers and feedbacks facilitates the analysis of possible transitions between system states (e.g., from a lose–lose outcome to a more preferred outcome).read more
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Land sparing versus land sharing: Moving forward
Jörn Fischer,David J. Abson,Van Butsic,Van Butsic,M. Jahi Chappell,M. Jahi Chappell,Johan Ekroos,Jan Hanspach,Tobias Kuemmerle,Henrik G. Smith,Henrik von Wehrden +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a framework has been proposed that distinguishes between the integration (land sharing) and separation (land sparing) of conservation and production of commodity production to address the challenges of biodiversity conservation and commodity production.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global impacts of future cropland expansion and intensification on agricultural markets and biodiversity
Florian Zabel,Ruth Delzeit,Julia M. Schneider,Ralf Seppelt,Ralf Seppelt,Wolfram Mauser,Tomáš Václavík,Tomáš Václavík +7 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that production gains will occur at the costs of biodiversity predominantly in developing tropical regions, while Europe and North America benefit from lower world market prices without putting their own biodiversity at risk.
Journal ArticleDOI
Social-ecological outcomes of agricultural intensification
Laura Vang Rasmussen,Laura Vang Rasmussen,Brendan Coolsaet,Brendan Coolsaet,Adrian Martin,Ole Mertz,Unai Pascual,Unai Pascual,Esteve Corbera,Neil Dawson,Janet Fisher,Phil Franks,Casey M. Ryan +12 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors synthesize research that analyses how agricultural intensification affects both ecosystem services and human well-being in low- and middle-income countries, and find that intensification is rarely found to lead to simultaneous positive ecosystem service and wellbeing outcomes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conventional land-use intensification reduces species richness and increases production: A global meta-analysis.
Michael Beckmann,Katharina Gerstner,Morodoluwa Akin-Fajiye,Silvia Ceaușu,Stephan Kambach,Nicole L. Kinlock,Helen Phillips,Willem Verhagen,Jessica Gurevitch,Stefan Klotz,Tim Newbold,Tim Newbold,Peter H. Verburg,Marten Winter,Ralf Seppelt,Ralf Seppelt +15 more
TL;DR: The findings suggest that, in many cases, conventional land-use intensification drives a trade-off between species richness and production, suggesting even conventional intensification can result in yield increases without coming at the expense of biodiversity loss.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecosystem services and nature’s contribution to people: negotiating diverse values and trade-offs in land systems
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of diverse values and trade-offs in managing landscapes to support multiple demands, from a land systems perspective, is reviewed from a human-nature perspective.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global food demand and the sustainable intensification of agriculture
TL;DR: Per capita demand for crops, when measured as caloric or protein content of all crops combined, has been a similarly increasing function of per capita real income since 1960 and forecasts a 100–110% increase in global crop demand from 2005 to 2050.
The state of food insecurity in the world 2011: how does international price volatility affect domestic economies and food security?
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight the differential impacts that the world food crisis of 2006-2008 had on different countries, with the poorest being most affected, and present policy options to reduce volatility in a cost-effective manner and to manage it when it cannot be avoided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Landscape perspectives on agricultural intensification and biodiversity – ecosystem service management
TL;DR: In this article, the negative and positive effects of agricultural land use for the conservation of biodiversity, and its relation to ecosystem services, need a landscape perspective, which is difficult to be found in the literature.
REVIEWS AND SYNTHESES Landscape perspectives on agricultural intensification and biodiversity - ecosystem service management
TL;DR: In this article, the negative and positive effects of agricultural land use for the conservation of biodiversity, and its relation to ecosystem services, need a landscape perspective, which may compensate for local highintensity management.
Journal ArticleDOI
Significant Acidification in Major Chinese Croplands
J.H. Guo,Xuejun Liu,Y. Zhang,Jianlin Shen,Wenxuan Han,W.F. Zhang,Peter Christie,Keith Goulding,Peter M. Vitousek,Fusuo Zhang +9 more
TL;DR: A meta-analysis of a regional acidification phenomenon in Chinese arable soils that is largely associated with higher N fertilization and higher crop production is presented, likely to threaten the sustainability of agriculture and affect the biogeochemical cycles of nutrients and also toxic elements in soils.