Regulation of flagellar motility during biofilm formation
TLDR
The regulation of motility during biofilm formation in Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, and Escherichia is reviewed, and it is concluded that the motility-to-biofilm transition, if necessary, likely involves two steps.Abstract:
Many bacteria swim in liquid or swarm over solid surfaces by synthesizing rotary flagella The same bacteria that are motile also commonly form nonmotile multicellular aggregates called biofilms Biofilms are an important part of the lifestyle of pathogenic bacteria, and it is assumed that there is a motility-to-biofilm transition wherein the inhibition of motility promotes biofilm formation The transition is largely inferred from regulatory mutants that reveal the opposite regulation of the two phenotypes Here, we review the regulation of motility during biofilm formation in Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, and Escherichia, and we conclude that the motility-to-biofilm transition, if necessary, likely involves two steps In the short term, flagella are functionally regulated to either inhibit rotation or modulate the basal flagellar reversal frequency Over the long term, flagellar gene transcription is inhibited and in the absence of de novo synthesis, flagella are diluted to extinction through growth Both short-term and long-term motility inhibition is likely important to stabilize cell aggregates and optimize resource investment We emphasize the newly discovered flagellar functional regulators and speculate that others await discovery in the context of biofilm formationread more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Beyond Risk: Bacterial Biofilms and Their Regulating Approaches.
Musa Hassan Muhammad,Aisha Lawan Idris,Xiao Fan,Yachong Guo,Yiyan Yu,Xu Jin,Junzhi Qiu,Xiong Guan,Tianpei Huang +8 more
TL;DR: The events involved in bacterial biofilm formation are described, the negative and positive aspects associated with bacterial biofilms are listed, the main strategies currently used to regulate establishment of harmful bacterial bioFilms are elaborated as well as certain strategies employed to encourage formation of beneficial bacterialBiofilms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biofilms, flagella, and mechanosensing of surfaces by bacteria
TL;DR: This review explores six bacterial species as models of flagellar mechanosensing of surfaces to understand the current state of the authors' knowledge and the challenges that lie ahead.
Journal ArticleDOI
The flagellum in bacterial pathogens: For motility and a whole lot more
TL;DR: The bacterial flagellum is an amazingly complex molecular machine with a diversity of roles in pathogenesis including reaching the optimal host site, colonization or invasion, maintenance at the infection site, and post- infected dispersal.
BslA (YuaB) forms a hydrophobic layer on the surface of
Kazuo Kobayashi,Megumi Iwano +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, BslA (formerly YuaB) was identified as a major contributor to the surface repellency of Bacillus subtilis biofilms, which probably explains the broad-spectrum resistance of the bacteria in these bio-films to antimicrobial agents.
Journal ArticleDOI
Type III secretion systems: the bacterial flagellum and the injectisome
TL;DR: A review of recent advances in structural biology, cryo-electron tomography, molecular genetics, in vivo imaging, bioinformatics and biophysics aims to integrate these new findings into current knowledge of the evolution, function, regulation and dynamics of the T3SS.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Complex Regulatory Network Controls Initial Adhesion and Biofilm Formation in Escherichia coli via Regulation of the csgD Gene
Claire Prigent-Combaret,Eva Brombacher,Olivier Vidal,Arnaud Ambert,Philippe Lejeune,Paolo Landini,Corinne Dorel +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the OmpR234 protein promotes biofilm formation by binding the csgD promoter region and stimulating its transcription, and that the formation of biofilm by E. coli is inhibited by increasing osmolarity in the growth medium.
Journal ArticleDOI
Migration of bacteria in semisolid agar
Alan J. Wolfe,Howard C. Berg +1 more
TL;DR: Not all cells that swarm effectively need be chemotactic, even when deleted for many of the genes known to be required for chemotaxis.
Journal ArticleDOI
The sporulation transcription factor Spo0A is required for biofilm development in Bacillus subtilis.
Melanie Hamon,Beth A. Lazazzera +1 more
TL;DR: It is reported here that the soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis forms biofilms, and mutations in abrB suppressed the biofilm defect of a spo0A mutant, indicating that AbrB negatively regulates at least one gene that is required for the transition from a monolayer of attached cells to a mature biofilm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quorum Sensing Controls Biofilm Formation in Vibrio cholerae through Modulation of Cyclic Di-GMP Levels and Repression of vpsT
TL;DR: The results suggest that V. cholerae integrates information about the vicinal bacterial community contained in extracellular QS autoinducers with the intracellular environmental information encoded in c-di-GMP to control biofilm formation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Understanding the control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa alginate synthesis and the prospects for management of chronic infections in cystic fibrosis
TL;DR: Recent discoveries in the areas of alginate production, biofilm formation and vaccine design are highlighted, highlighting avenues for the use of existing therapies as well as the potential for novel agents to reduce or eliminate chronic infections in CF patients.
Related Papers (5)
Flagellar and twitching motility are necessary for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm development
George A. O'Toole,Roberto Kolter +1 more
Genetic analysis of Escherichia coli biofilm formation: roles of flagella, motility, chemotaxis and type I pili
Leslie A. Pratt,Roberto Kolter +1 more