Role of proline under changing environments: a review.
TLDR
Review of the literature indicates that a stressful environment results in an overproduction of proline in plants which in turn imparts stress tolerance by maintaining cell turgor or osmotic balance; stabilizing membranes thereby preventing electrolyte leakage; and bringing concentrations of reactive oxygen species within normal ranges, thus preventing oxidative burst in plants.Abstract:
When exposed to stressful conditions, plants accumulate an array of metabolites, particularly amino acids. Amino acids have traditionally been considered as precursors to and constituents of proteins, and play an important role in plant metabolism and development. A large body of data suggests a positive correlation between proline accumulation and plant stress. Proline, an amino acid, plays a highly beneficial role in plants exposed to various stress conditions. Besides acting as an excellent osmolyte, proline plays three major roles during stress, i.e., as a metal chelator, an antioxidative defense molecule and a signaling molecule. Review of the literature indicates that a stressful environment results in an overproduction of proline in plants which in turn imparts stress tolerance by maintaining cell turgor or osmotic balance; stabilizing membranes thereby preventing electrolyte leakage; and bringing concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within normal ranges, thus preventing oxidative burst ...read more
Citations
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Heavy Metal Stress and Some Mechanisms of Plant Defense Response
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Osmotic adjustment is a prime drought stress adaptive engine in support of plant production
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Arsenic uptake, toxicity, detoxification, and speciation in plants : physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects
Ghulam Abbas,Behzad Murtaza,Irshad Bibi,Irshad Bibi,Muhammad Shahid,Nabeel Khan Niazi,Nabeel Khan Niazi,Nabeel Khan Niazi,Muhammad Imran Khan,Muhammad Amjad,Munawar Hussain,Natasha +11 more
TL;DR: This review highlights the importance of the As-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as their damaging impacts on plants at biochemical, genetic, and molecular levels.
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Proline: a key player in plant abiotic stress tolerance
Gurpreet Kaur,Bavita Asthir +1 more
TL;DR: Proline acts as stress-related signal exhibiting cross tolerance to a range of different stresses and is found to be coupled to several key pathways such as pentose phosphate, tricarboxylic acid, or urea cycles and contributes to, i.e., purine synthesis and the phenylpropanoid pathway.
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Mechanisms of Plant Responses and Adaptation to Soil Salinity.
Chunzhao Zhao,Chunzhao Zhao,Heng Zhang,Chun-Peng Song,Jian-Kang Zhu,Jian-Kang Zhu,Sergey Shabala,Sergey Shabala +7 more
TL;DR: This review provides a comprehensive summary of the mechanisms of salt stress responses in plants, including salt stress-triggered physiological responses, oxidative stress, salt stress sensing and signaling pathways, organellar stress, ion homeostasis, hormonal and gene expression regulation, metabolic changes, as well as salt tolerance mechanisms in halophytes.
References
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Differential expression of two P5CS genes controlling proline accumulation during salt‐stress requires ABA and is regulated by ABA1, ABI1 and AXR2 in Arabidopsis
Nicolai Strizhov,Edit Ábrahám,László Ökrész,Stefan Blickling,Aviah Zilberstein,Jeff Schell,Csaba Koncz,László Szabados +7 more
TL;DR: Results suggest that most BrUTP foci correspond to single transcribed genes, and almost all the incorporation occurs in the nucleolus, and thus must be catalysed by RNA polymerase I.
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Improved tolerance to salinity and low temperature in transgenic tobacco producing glycine betaine
TL;DR: Glycine betaine is an osmoprotectant found in many organisms, including bacteria and higher plants as mentioned in this paper, and it can also be found in tobacco.
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Betaines and Related Osmoprotectants. Targets for Metabolic Engineering of Stress Resistance
TL;DR: Osmoprotectants serve to raise osmotic pressure in the environment by carrying no net charge at physiological pH and are nontoxic at high concentrations.
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The protective function of the epidermal layer of rye seedlings against ultraviolet‐b radiation
TL;DR: Leaves preconditioned in this way could prevent or reduce damage to photosynthetic function caused by short wavelength UV‐B radiation.
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A Nuclear Gene Encoding Mitochondrial Proline Dehydrogenase, an Enzyme Involved in Proline Metabolism, Is Upregulated by Proline but Downregulated by Dehydration in Arabidopsis
TL;DR: Results suggest that ERD5 encodes a precursor of proline dehydrogenase (oxidase), which is regulated at the level of mRNA accumulation in both dehydrated and rehydrated plants.
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