Journal ArticleDOI
Sea-level fluctuations during the last glacial cycle
Mark Siddall,Eelco J. Rohling,Ahuva Almogi-Labin,Ch. Hemleben,Dieter Meischner,I. Schmelzer,David A. Smeed +6 more
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TLDR
A hydraulic model of the water exchange between the Red Sea and the world ocean is used to derive the sill depth—and hence global sea level—over the past 470,000 years, finding that sea-level changes of up to 35 m occurred, coincident with abrupt changes in climate.Abstract:
The last glacial cycle was characterized by substantial millennial-scale climate fluctuations1,2,3,4,5, but the extent of any associated changes in global sea level (or, equivalently, ice volume) remains elusive. Highstands of sea level can be reconstructed from dated fossil coral reef terraces6,7, and these data are complemented by a compilation of global sea-level estimates based on deep-sea oxygen isotope ratios at millennial-scale resolution8 or higher1. Records based on oxygen isotopes, however, contain uncertainties in the range of ±30 m, or ±1 °C in deep sea temperature9,10. Here we analyse oxygen isotope records from Red Sea sediment cores to reconstruct the history of water residence times in the Red Sea. We then use a hydraulic model of the water exchange between the Red Sea and the world ocean to derive the sill depth—and hence global sea level—over the past 470,000 years (470 kyr). Our reconstruction is accurate to within ±12 m, and gives a centennial-scale resolution from 70 to 25 kyr before present. We find that sea-level changes of up to 35 m, at rates of up to 2 cm yr-1, occurred, coincident with abrupt changes in climate.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Sea level and global ice volumes from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Holocene.
TL;DR: From ∼1,000 observations of sea level, allowing for isostatic and tectonic contributions, this work quantified the rise and fall in global ocean and ice volumes for the past 35,000 years and provides new constraints on the fluctuation of ice volume in this interval.
Journal ArticleDOI
A stratigraphic framework for abrupt climatic changes during the Last Glacial period based on three synchronized Greenland ice-core records: refining and extending the INTIMATE event stratigraphy
Sune Olander Rasmussen,Matthias Bigler,Simon Blockley,Thomas Blunier,Susanne L Buchardt,Henrik Clausen,Ivana Cvijanovic,Ivana Cvijanovic,Dorthe Dahl-Jensen,Sigfus J Johnsen,Hubertus Fischer,Vasileios Gkinis,Myriam Guillevic,Myriam Guillevic,Wim Z. Hoek,J. John Lowe,Joel B Pedro,Joel B Pedro,Trevor Popp,Inger K Seierstad,Jørgen Peder Steffensen,Anders Svensson,Paul Vallelonga,Bo Møllesøe Vinther,Michael Walker,Michael Walker,Joe J. Wheatley,Mai Winstrup,Mai Winstrup +28 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a more detailed and extended version of the Greenland Stadials (GS) and Greenland Interstadials (GI) template for the whole of the last glacial period is presented, based on a synchronization of the NGRIP, GRIP, and GISP2 ice-core records.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heinrich events: Massive late Pleistocene detritus layers of the North Atlantic and their global climate imprint
TL;DR: In this paper, the Heinrich detritus appears to have been derived from the region around Hudson Strait and was deposited over approximately 500 ± 250 years, and several mechanisms have been proposed for the origin of the layers: binge-purge cycle of the Laurentide ice sheet, jokulhlaup activity from Hudson Bay lake, and an ice shelf buildup/collapse fed by Hudson Strait.
Journal ArticleDOI
Target atmospheric CO2: Where should humanity aim?
James Hansen,Makiko Sato,Pushker Kharecha,David J. Beerling,Robert A. Berner,Valérie Masson-Delmotte,Mark Pagani,Maureen E. Raymo,Dana L. Royer,James C Zachos +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the current CO2 level can be reduced to at most 350 ppm by phasing out coal use except where CO2 is captured and adopting agricultural and forestry practices that sequester carbon.
Journal ArticleDOI
Target atmospheric CO2: Where should humanity aim?
James Hansen,Makiko Sato,Pushker Kharecha,David J. Beerling,Robert A. Berner,Valérie Masson-Delmotte,Mark Pagani,Maureen E. Raymo,Dana L. Royer,James C Zachos +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the current CO2 level can be reduced to at most 350 ppm by phasing out coal use except where CO2 is captured and adopting agricultural and forestry practices that sequester carbon.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Evidence for general instability of past climate from a 250-kyr ice-core record
Willi Dansgaard,Sigfus J Johnsen,Sigfus J Johnsen,Henrik Clausen,Dorthe Dahl-Jensen,Niels S. Gundestrup,Claus U. Hammer,Christine S. Hvidberg,Jørgen Peder Steffensen,Arny E. Sveinbjörnsdottir,Jean Jouzel,Gerard C. Bond +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a detailed stable isotope record for the full length of the Greenland Ice-core Project Summit ice core, extending over the past 250 kyr according to a calculated timescale, and find that climate instability was not confined to the last glaciation, but appears also have been marked during the last interglacial (as explored more fully in a companion paper), and during the previous Saale-Holstein glacial cycle.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sea-level and deep water temperature changes derived from benthic foraminifera isotopic records
Claire Waelbroeck,Laurent Labeyrie,Laurent Labeyrie,Elisabeth Michel,Jean-Claude Duplessy,Jerry F. McManus,Kurt Lambeck,Estelle Balbon,Monique Labracherie +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, robust regressions were established between relative sea-level (RSL) data and benthic foraminifera oxygen isotopic ratios from the North Atlantic and Equatorial Pacific Ocean over the last climatic cycle.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of oxygen isotope records from the GISP2 and GRIP Greenland ice cores
Pieter Meiert Grootes,Minze Stuiver,James W. C. White,Sigfus J Johnsen,Sigfus J Johnsen,Jean Jouzel +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the complete oxygen isotope record for the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) core, drilled 28 km west of the GRIP core, and observe large, rapid climate fluctuations throughout the last glacial period.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxygen isotopes, ice volume and sea level
TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison is made between the most detailed records of sea level over the last glacial cycle, and two high-quality oxygen isotope records, and a combined record is generated which may be a better approximation to ice volume than was previously available.
Journal ArticleDOI
Calibration of the C-14 timescale over the past 30,000 years using mass spectrometric U-Th ages from Barbados corals
TL;DR: Uranium-thorium ages obtained by mass spectrometry from corals raised off the island of Barbados confirm the high precision of this technique over at least the past 30,000 years as discussed by the authors.
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