“Sight‐unseen” detection of rare aquatic species using environmental DNA
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TLDR
Quantitative comparisons with traditional fisheries surveillance tools illustrate the greater sensitivity of eDNA and reveal that the risk of invasion to the Laurentian Great Lakes is imminent.Abstract:
Effective management of rare species, including endangered native species and recently introduced nonindigenous species, requires the detection of populations at low density. For endangered species, detecting the localized distribution makes it possible to identify and protect critical habitat to enhance survival or reproductive success. Similarly, early detection of an incipient invasion by a harmful species increases the feasibility of rapid responses to eradicate the species or contain its spread. Here we demonstrate the efficacy of environmental DNA (eDNA) as a detection tool in freshwater environments. Specifically, we delimit the invasion fronts of two species of Asian carps in Chicago, Illinois, USA area canals and waterways. Quantitative comparisons with traditional fisheries surveillance tools illustrate the greater sensitivity of eDNA and reveal that the risk of invasion to the Laurentian Great Lakes is imminent.read more
Citations
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Comparison of American Fisheries Society (AFS) Standard Fish Sampling Techniques and Environmental DNA for Characterizing Fish Communities in a Large Reservoir
Christina R. Perez,Scott A. Bonar,Jon J. Amberg,Bridget Ladell,Christopher B. Rees,William T. Stewart,Curtis J. Gill,Christopher J. Cantrell,Anthony T. Robinson +8 more
TL;DR: The use of eDNA for standard fish monitoring surveys in a large reservoir and the presence, relative abundance, biomass, and relative percent composition of Largemouth Bass and Gizzard Shad measured through eDNA methods and established American Fisheries Society standard sampling methods are evaluated.
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Real-time multiplex PCR for simultaneous detection of multiple species from environmental DNA: an application on two Japanese medaka species.
TL;DR: This work developed the species-specific primer-probe sets for two species of Japanese medaka, and used them in the real-time multiplex PCR, and even when the species abundances were biased, both species were simultaneously detected in all samples.
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eDNA surveys to detect species at very low densities: A case study of European carp eradication in Tasmania, Australia
TL;DR: Estimating the environmental DNA (eDNA) survey effort and cost required to detect species at a given density will enable practitioners to make informed decisions on the feasibility of implementing such surveys and inform the confidence practitioners should place in eDNA detection results.
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Recognizing false positives: synthetic oligonucleotide controls for environmental DNA surveillance
TL;DR: A set of synthetic oligonucleotides are designed and validated for use as species‐specific positive PCR controls for several high‐profile aquatic invasive species and are a cost‐effective, reproducible method that increases the power and reliability of eDNA testing by eliminating misinterpretation of false‐positive results from laboratory contamination.
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Comparison of Size, Terminal Fall Velocity, and Density of Bighead Carp, Silver Carp, and Grass Carp Eggs for Use in Drift Modeling
TL;DR: Data that are required to populate models of egg drift and vertical distribution include physical properties of assessed rivers and information on egg size, density, and terminal fall velocity, but data on these egg characteristics have not been previously available.
References
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David M. Lodge,Susan L. Williams,Hugh J. MacIsaac,Keith R. Hayes,Brian Leung,Sarah H. Reichard,Richard N. Mack,Peter B. Moyle,Maggie Smith,David A. Andow,James T. Carlton,Anthony J. McMichael +11 more
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An ounce of prevention or a pound of cure: bioeconomic risk analysis of invasive species
TL;DR: A quantitative bioeconomic modelling framework is presented to analyse risks from non–indigenous species to economic activity and the environment, and it is shown that society could benefit by spending up to US$324 000 year−1 to prevent invasions into a single lake with a power plant.