Journal ArticleDOI
TFOS DEWS II Sex, Gender, and Hormones Report
David A. Sullivan,Eduardo Rocha,Pasquale Aragona,Janine A. Clayton,Juan Ding,Blanka Golebiowski,Ulrike Hampel,Alison M. McDermott,Debra A. Schaumberg,Debra A. Schaumberg,Sruthi Srinivasan,Piera Versura,Mark D. P. Willcox +12 more
TLDR
Overall, sex, gender and hormones play a major role in the regulation of ocular surface and adnexal tissues, and in the difference in DED prevalence between women and men.Abstract:
One of the most compelling features of dry eye disease (DED) is that it occurs more frequently in women than men. In fact, the female sex is a significant risk factor for the development of DED. This sex-related difference in DED prevalence is attributed in large part to the effects of sex steroids (e.g. androgens, estrogens), hypothalamic-pituitary hormones, glucocorticoids, insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 and thyroid hormones, as well as to the sex chromosome complement, sex-specific autosomal factors and epigenetics (e.g. microRNAs). In addition to sex, gender also appears to be a risk factor for DED. "Gender" and "sex" are words that are often used interchangeably, but they have distinct meanings. "Gender" refers to a person's self-representation as a man or woman, whereas "sex" distinguishes males and females based on their biological characteristics. Both gender and sex affect DED risk, presentation of the disease, immune responses, pain, care-seeking behaviors, service utilization, and myriad other facets of eye health. Overall, sex, gender and hormones play a major role in the regulation of ocular surface and adnexal tissues, and in the difference in DED prevalence between women and men. The purpose of this Subcommittee report is to review and critique the nature of this role, as well as to recommend areas for future research to advance our understanding of the interrelationships between sex, gender, hormones and DED.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Risks of Corneal Surface Damage in Aqueous-Deficient Dry Eye Disease: A 17-Year Population-Based Study in Taiwan.
Ning Hung,Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang,Tay-Wey Lee,Tien-Hsing Chen,Yu-Chiau Shyu,Chi-Chin Sun,Chi-Chin Sun +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the epidemiologic characteristics and risk of corneal surface damage in patients with aqueous-deficient dry eye disease (DED) in Taiwan.
Journal ArticleDOI
The relationship between alcohol consumption and dry eye.
Morten Schjerven Magno,Tishelle Daniel,Mathias Kaurstad Morthen,Harold Snieder,Nomdo M. Jansonius,Tor Paaske Utheim,Christopher J Hammond,Jelle Vehof,Jelle Vehof +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the association between dry eye disease (DED) and alcohol consumption using a large population-based cohort was assessed using self-reported food frequency questionnaires using logistic regression, corrected for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, education, income, and 55 potentially confounding comorbidities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification of androgen-regulated genes in the lacrimal gland.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify the genes controlled by androgens in lacrimal tissue and identify the specific genes that are involved in the regulation of specific target genes in the gland.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence of Dry Eye and its Subtypes in an Elderly Population with Cataracts in Indonesia.
TL;DR: Care must be taken prior to cataract surgery to rule out existing dry eye with additional attention on those presenting without any symptoms as dry eye may develop after surgery, especially in males.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of Meibomian Gland Atrophy and the Potential Risk Factors for Middle Aged to Elderly Patients With Cataracts
Xiaolei Lin,Yue Wu,Yue Wu,Yiqin Chen,Yiqin Chen,Yuyu Zhao,Yuyu Zhao,Linfeng Xiang,Linfeng Xiang,Qi Dai,Qi Dai,Yana Fu,Yana Fu,Yinying Zhao,Yinying Zhao,Yun-e Zhao,Yun-e Zhao +16 more
TL;DR: This study suggests that age, sex, and diabetes are potential risk factors for MG atrophy in the age-related cataract population, and dyslipidemia and increased triglyceride levels are independent protective factors in the elderly female population.
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