The extracellular matrix protects Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms by limiting the penetration of tobramycin.
Boo Shan Tseng,Wei Zhang,Joe J. Harrison,Tam P. Quach,Jisun L. Song,Jon Penterman,Jon Penterman,Pradeep K. Singh,David L. Chopp,Aaron I. Packman,Matthew R. Parsek +10 more
TLDR
It is proposed that tobramycin sequestration at the biofilm periphery is an important mechanism in protecting metabolically active cells that lie just below the zone of sequestration.Abstract:
Biofilm cells are less susceptible to antimicrobials than their planktonic counterparts. While this phenomenon is multifactorial, the ability of the matrix to reduce antibiotic penetration into the biofilm is thought to be of limited importance studies suggest that antibiotics move fairly rapidly through biofilms. In this study, we monitored the transport of two clinically relevant antibiotics, tobramycin and ciprofloxacin, into non-mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. To our surprise, we found that the positively charged antibiotic tobramycin is sequestered to the biofilm periphery, while the neutral antibiotic ciprofloxacin readily penetrated. We provide evidence that tobramycin in the biofilm periphery both stimulated a localized stress response and killed bacteria in these regions but not in the underlying biofilm. Although it is unclear which matrix component binds tobramycin, its penetration was increased by the addition of cations in a dose-dependent manner, which led to increased biofilm death. These data suggest that ionic interactions of tobramycin with the biofilm matrix limit its penetration. We propose that tobramycin sequestration at the biofilm periphery is an important mechanism in protecting metabolically active cells that lie just below the zone of sequestration.read more
Citations
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Molecular mechanisms of biofilm-based antibiotic resistance and tolerance in pathogenic bacteria
Clayton W. Hall,Thien-Fah Mah +1 more
TL;DR: This review summarises both historical and recent scientific data in support of the known biofilm resistance and tolerance mechanisms and suggestions for future work in the field are provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biofilm-Related Infections: Bridging the Gap between Clinical Management and Fundamental Aspects of Recalcitrance toward Antibiotics
TL;DR: This review presents the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of biofilm recalcitrance toward antibiotics and describes how recent progress has improved the capacity to design original and efficient strategies to prevent or eradicate biofilm-related infections.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bacterial biofilm formation on implantable devices and approaches to its treatment and prevention
TL;DR: A brief overview of concepts of bacterial biofilm formation, current state-of-the-art therapeutic approaches for preventing and treating biofilms, and the prevalence of such infections on medical devices is reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nanomaterial-based therapeutics for antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections
Jessa Marie Makabenta,Ahmed Nabawy,Cheng-Hsuan Li,Suzannah M. Schmidt-Malan,Robin Patel,Vincent M. Rotello +5 more
TL;DR: The mechanisms by which nanomaterials can be used to target antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections are discussed, design elements and properties of nanomMaterials that can be engineered to enhance potency are highlighted, and recent progress and remaining challenges for clinical implementation are explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular mechanisms of antimicrobial tolerance and resistance in bacterial and fungal biofilms
TL;DR: Three mechanisms that play an important role in biofilm survival are discussed, found both in bacterial and fungal biofilms and are often surprisingly similar between distantly related organisms.
References
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TL;DR: A core protocol and a set of parameters that can be adjusted to grow single- or multispecies bioFilms on peg surfaces that allows antimicrobial agents and exposure conditions to be tested against biofilms on a high-throughput scale are described.
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TL;DR: The ribosome number is a reliable indicator of growth rate in bacteria growing in balanced growth and has been used as a standard for growth rates in biofilm-embedded bacteria as well.
Journal ArticleDOI
The penetration of antibiotics into aggregates of mucoid and non-mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
TL;DR: Cells of mucoid and non-mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa in colonies were at least one-thousandfold less sensitive to the antibiotics tobramycin or cefsulodin than were cells of the same bacteria in dispersed suspension, from which it is inferred that the exopolysaccharide of the mucoids form does not contribute to colony-resistance by forming a barrier to antibiotic diffusion.
Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
The pel genes of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAK strain are involved at early and late stages of biofilm formation.
TL;DR: It was shown that pel mutations in the PAK strain had little influence on biofilm initiation but, as in PA14, appeared to generate the least robust and mature biofilms.