The Genomic Architecture and Evolutionary Fates of Supergenes.
TLDR
In this paper, the authors synthesize recent genomic work and historical models of supergene evolution, highlighting how the genomic architecture of supergenes affects their evolutionary fate, and use forward simulations to demonstrate that differences in genomic architecture affect the degeneration of super-genes.Abstract:
Supergenes are genomic regions containing sets of tightly linked loci that control multi-trait phenotypic polymorphisms under balancing selection. Recent advances in genomics have uncovered significant variation in both the genomic architecture as well as the mode of origin of supergenes across diverse organismal systems. Although the role of genomic architecture for the origin of supergenes has been much discussed, differences in the genomic architecture also subsequently affect the evolutionary trajectory of supergenes and the rate of degeneration of supergene haplotypes. In this review, we synthesize recent genomic work and historical models of supergene evolution, highlighting how the genomic architecture of supergenes affects their evolutionary fate. We discuss how recent findings on classic supergenes involved in governing ant colony social form, mimicry in butterflies, and heterostyly in flowering plants relate to theoretical expectations. Furthermore, we use forward simulations to demonstrate that differences in genomic architecture affect the degeneration of supergenes. Finally, we discuss implications of the evolution of supergene haplotypes for the long-term fate of balanced polymorphisms governed by supergenes.read more
Citations
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Inversions and parallel evolution
TL;DR: It is predicted that by generating stronger effective selection, inversions can sometimes speed up the parallel adaptive process or enable parallel adaptation where it would be impossible otherwise, but this is highly dependent on the spatial setting.
Journal ArticleDOI
Iterative evolution of supergene-based social polymorphism in ants
TL;DR: The five cases of supergene-based social polymorphism in ants are synthesized, highlighting interesting commonalities, idiosyncrasies and implications for the evolution of polymorphisms in general.
Journal ArticleDOI
The emergence of supergenes from inversions in Atlantic salmon
Kristina Severine Rudskjær Stenløkk,Marie Saitou,Live Rud-Johansen,Torfinn Nome,Michel Moser,Mariann Arnyasi,Matthew Peter Kent,Nicola J. Barson,Sigbjørn Lien +8 more
TL;DR: To investigate the process of supergene formation, inversion polymorphisms in Atlantic salmon were identified by assembling eleven genomes with nanopore long-read sequencing technology and found evidence for adaptive variation through genotype–environment associations, but not for the accumulation of deleterious mutations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genomic analyses of the Linum distyly supergene reveal convergent evolution at the molecular level
Juanita Gutiérrez‐Valencia,Marco Fracassetti,Emma L. Berdan,Ignas Bunikis,Lucile Soler,Jacques Dainat,Verena E. Kutschera,Aleksandra Losvik,Aurélie Désamoré,P. William Hughes,Alireza Foroozani,Benjamin Laenen,Edouard Pesquet,Mohamed Abdelaziz,Olga Vinnere Pettersson,Björn Nystedt,Adrian C. Brennan,Juan Arroyo,Tanja Slotte +18 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors characterized the genetic architecture and evolution of the distyly supergene in Linum by generating a chromosome-level genome assembly of Linum tenue, followed by the identification of the S-locus using population genomic data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Large-scale fungal strain sequencing unravels the molecular diversity in mating loci maintained by long-term balancing selection
David Peris,Da Lu,Vilde Bruhn Kinneberg,Ine-Susanne Methlie,Malin Stapnes Dahl,Timothy Y. James,Håvard Kauserud,Inger Skrede +7 more
TL;DR: The large number of sequenced strains highlighted the importance of sequencing multiple individuals from different species to detect the mating-related genes, the mechanisms generating diversity and the evolutionary forces maintaining them.
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