Journal ArticleDOI
The genus Laminaria sensu lato : recent insights and developments
Inka Bartsch,Christian Wiencke,Kai Bischof,Cornelia Buchholz,Bela H. Buck,Anja Eggert,Peter Feuerpfeil,Dieter Hanelt,Sabine Jacobsen,Rolf Karez,Ulf Karsten,Markus Molis,Michael Y. Roleda,Hendrik Schubert,Rhena Schumann,Klaus Valentin,Florian Weinberger,Jutta Wiese +17 more
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TLDR
This review about the genus Laminaria sensu lato summarizes the extensive literature that has been published since the overview of the genus given by Kain in 1979, and covers recent insights into phylogeny and taxonomy, and discusses morphotypes, ecotypes, population genetics and demography.Abstract:
This review about the genus Laminaria sensu lato summarizes the extensive literature that has been published since the overview of the genus given by Kain in 1979. The recent proposal to divide the genus into the two genera Laminaria and Saccharina is acknowledged, but the published data are discussed under a 'sensu lato' concept, introduced here. This includes all species which have been considered to be 'Laminaria' before the division of the genus. In detail, after an introduction the review covers recent insights into phylogeny and taxonomy, and discusses morphotypes, ecotypes, population genetics and demography. It describes growth and photosynthetic performance of sporophytes with special paragraphs on the regulation of sporogenesis, regulation by endogenous rhythms, nutrient metabolism, storage products, and salinity tolerance. The biology of microstages is discussed separately. The ecology of these kelps is described with a focus on stress defence against abiotic and biotic factors and the role of Laminaria as habitat, its trophic interactions and its competition is discussed. Finally, recent developments in aquaculture are summarized. In conclusion to each section, as a perspective and guide to future research, we draw attention to the remaining gaps in the knowledge about the genus and kelps in general.read more
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Bioactive compounds in seaweed: functional food applications and legislation
Susan Løvstad Holdt,Stefan Kraan +1 more
TL;DR: Worldwide research on bioactive compounds in seaweed is reviewed, mainly of nine genera or species of seaweed, which are also available in European temperate Atlantic waters, i.e. Laminaria sp.
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The cell wall polysaccharide metabolism of the brown alga Ectocarpus siliculosus. Insights into the evolution of extracellular matrix polysaccharides in Eukaryotes.
TL;DR: Surprisingly, known families of cellulases, expansins and alginate lyases are absent in Ectocarpus, suggesting the existence of novel mechanisms and/or proteins for cell wall expansion in brown algae.
Journal ArticleDOI
Iodide accumulation provides kelp with an inorganic antioxidant impacting atmospheric chemistry.
Frithjof C. Küpper,Lucy J. Carpenter,Gordon McFiggans,Carl J. Palmer,Tim J. Waite,Eva-Maria Boneberg,Sonja Woitsch,Markus Weiller,Rafael Abela,Daniel Grolimund,Philippe Potin,Alison Butler,George W. Luther,Peter M. H. Kroneck,Wolfram Meyer-Klaucke,Martin C. Feiters +15 more
TL;DR: Using x-ray absorption spectroscopy, it is shown that the accumulated form is iodide, which readily scavenges a variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is the first to be described in a living system.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of kelp species as biogenic habitat formers in coastal marine ecosystems
Harry Teagle,Stephen J. Hawkins,Stephen J. Hawkins,Philippa Moore,Philippa Moore,Dan A. Smale,Dan A. Smale +6 more
TL;DR: Biodiversity patterns associated with kelp holdfasts, stipes and blades are examined, as well as the wider understorey habitat, and generality between kelp species and biogeographic regions are searched for.
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Mass-cultivation of carbohydrate rich macroalgae, a possible solution for sustainable biofuel production
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the current cultivation technologies for marine biomass and the environmental and economic aspects of using brown seaweeds for bio-ethanol production, and concluded that marine biomass could meet these challenges, being an abundant and carbon neutral renewable resource with potential to reduce green house gas (GHG) emissions and the manmade impact on climate change.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Transforming kelp into a marine bioreactor
Song Qin,Peng Jiang,C. K. Tseng +2 more
TL;DR: The establishment at use of the kelp transformation model is introduced, highlighting the potential for transforming kelp into a marine bioreactor.
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Destruction of kelp populations by Lacuna vincta (Montagu)
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High prevalence of infection by endophytic brown algae in populations of Laminaria spp. (Phaeophyceae)
Ellertsdóttir E,Peters Af +1 more
TL;DR: This is the first epidemiological study comparing the prevalence and effects of kelp endophytes in different hosts at the same locality and found that at a more exposed site, prevalence was higher and disease symptoms stronger than at a sheltered locality.
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Field and culture studies of Streblonema macrocystis sp. nov. (Ectocapales, Phaeophyceae) from Chile, a sexual endophyte of giant kelp
TL;DR: The life history shows alternation of two slightly heteromorphic microscopic generations growing in different parts of the same host, and the first time that sexuality has been observed in a species of Streblonema.
Journal ArticleDOI
Demographic variation in the kelp Laminaria hyperborea along a latitudinal gradient
Eli Rinde,Kjersti Sjøtun +1 more
TL;DR: The development of particularly large kelp in mid-Norway appears to be explained by high growth rates and not a particularly long life span, as earlier assumed, which has consequences for decisions of the optimal harvesting regime for the species in the region, with regard to yield and maintenance of associated biodiversity.