The humoral pattern recognition receptor PTX3 is stored in neutrophil granules and localizes in extracellular traps
Sébastien Jaillon,Giuseppe Peri,Yves Delneste,Isabelle Frémaux,Andrea Doni,Federica Moalli,Cecilia Garlanda,Luigina Romani,Hugues Gascan,Silvia Bellocchio,Silvia Bozza,Marco A. Cassatella,Pascale Jeannin,Alberto Mantovani +13 more
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TLDR
The long pentraxin (PTX) 3 is produced by macrophages and myeloid dendritic cells in response to Toll-like receptor agonists and represents a nonredundant component of humoral innate immunity against selected pathogens.Abstract:
The long pentraxin (PTX) 3 is produced by macrophages and myeloid dendritic cells in response to Toll-like receptor agonists and represents a nonredundant component of humoral innate immunity against selected pathogens. We report that, unexpectedly, PTX3 is stored in specific granules and undergoes release in response to microbial recognition and inflammatory signals. Released PTX3 can partially localize in neutrophil extracellular traps formed by extruded DNA. Eosinophils and basophils do not contain preformed PTX3. PTX3-deficient neutrophils have defective microbial recognition and phagocytosis, and PTX3 is nonredundant for neutrophil-mediated resistance against Aspergillus fumigatus. Thus, neutrophils serve as a reservoir, ready for rapid release, of the long PTX3, a key component of humoral innate immunity with opsonic activity.read more
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Neutrophils in the activation and regulation of innate and adaptive immunity
TL;DR: Neutrophils have long been viewed as the final effector cells of an acute inflammatory response, with a primary role in the clearance of extracellular pathogens, but more recent evidence has extended the functions of these cells.
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Contain Calprotectin, a Cytosolic Protein Complex Involved in Host Defense against Candida albicans
Constantin F. Urban,David Ermert,Monika Schmid,Ulrike Abu-Abed,Christian Goosmann,Wolfgang Nacken,Volker Brinkmann,Peter R. Jungblut,Arturo Zychlinsky +8 more
TL;DR: The present investigations confirmed the antifungal activity of calprotectin in vitro and demonstrated that it contributes to effective host defense against C. albicans in vivo.
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Thrombosis as an intravascular effector of innate immunity
Bernd Engelmann,Steffen Massberg +1 more
TL;DR: Recent work suggesting that thrombosis under certain circumstances has a major physiological role in immune defence is summarized, and the term immunothromBosis is introduced to describe this process.
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Neutrophils, from marrow to microbes.
TL;DR: Neutrophils are produced in the bone marrow from stem cells that proliferate and differentiate to mature neutrophils fully equipped with an armory of granules that contain proteins that enable the neutrophil to deliver lethal hits against microorganisms, but also to cause great tissue damage.
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: Double-Edged Swords of Innate Immunity
Mariana J. Kaplan,Marko Z. Radic +1 more
TL;DR: Experimental evidence suggests that neutrophil extracellular traps participate in pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, with proposed involvement in glomerulonephritis, chronic lung disease, sepsis, and vascular disorders.
References
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Innate Immune Recognition
TL;DR: Microbial recognition by Toll-like receptors helps to direct adaptive immune responses to antigens derived from microbial pathogens to distinguish infectious nonself from noninfectious self.
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Neutrophil extracellular traps kill bacteria
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