The role and mechanisms of action of microRNAs in cancer drug resistance.
TLDR
A holistic understanding of the functions of miRNAs in drug resistance will help to develop better strategies to regulate them efficiently and will finally pave the way toward better translation of miRNA into clinics, developing them into a promising approach in cancer therapy.Abstract:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs with a length of about 19–25 nt, which can regulate various target genes and are thus involved in the regulation of a variety of biological and pathological processes, including the formation and development of cancer. Drug resistance in cancer chemotherapy is one of the main obstacles to curing this malignant disease. Statistical data indicate that over 90% of the mortality of patients with cancer is related to drug resistance. Drug resistance of cancer chemotherapy can be caused by many mechanisms, such as decreased antitumor drug uptake, modified drug targets, altered cell cycle checkpoints, or increased DNA damage repair, among others. In recent years, many studies have shown that miRNAs are involved in the drug resistance of tumor cells by targeting drug-resistance-related genes or influencing genes related to cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. A single miRNA often targets a number of genes, and its regulatory effect is tissue-specific. In this review, we emphasize the miRNAs that are involved in the regulation of drug resistance among different cancers and probe the mechanisms of the deregulated expression of miRNAs. The molecular targets of miRNAs and their underlying signaling pathways are also explored comprehensively. A holistic understanding of the functions of miRNAs in drug resistance will help us develop better strategies to regulate them efficiently and will finally pave the way toward better translation of miRNAs into clinics, developing them into a promising approach in cancer therapy.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of Multidrug Resistance in Cancer Chemotherapy.
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to demonstrate the latest data on the mechanisms of cellular resistance to anticancer agents currently used in clinical treatment but also to present the mechanism of action of novel potential antitumor drugs which have been designed to overcome these resistance mechanisms.
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Tumor microenvironment and epithelial mesenchymal transition as targets to overcome tumor multidrug resistance
TL;DR: Evidence for TME components as causative factors of EMT and anticancer drug resistance is summarized, concluding that EMT signaling simultaneously increases MDR.
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miRNA-based biomarkers, therapies, and resistance in Cancer.
Boxue He,Zhenyu Zhao,Qidong Cai,Yuqian Zhang,Pengfei Zhang,Shuai Shi,Hui Xie,Xiong Peng,Wei Yin,Yongguang Tao,Xiang Wang +10 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that many miRNAs are engaged in the resistance of cancer therapies with their complex underlying regulatory mechanisms, whose comprehensive cognition can help clinicians and improve patient prognosis.
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Targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway to overcome anti-cancer drug resistance.
Silpa Narayanan,Chao-Yun Cai,Yehuda G. Assaraf,Hui-Qin Guo,Qingbin Cui,Liuya Wei,Juan-Juan Huang,Charles R. Ashby,Zhe-Sheng Chen +8 more
TL;DR: Various PIs and their underlying mechanisms in surmounting anti-tumor drug resistance when used in combination with conventional chemotherapeutic agents are discussed.
References
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Journal Article
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