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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Cancer statistics, 2015.

TLDR
The overall cancer death rate decreased from 215.1 (per 100,000 population) in 1991 to 168.7 in 2011, a total relative decline of 22%.
Abstract
Each year the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths that will occur in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival. Incidence data were collected by the National Cancer Institute (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results [SEER] Program), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (National Program of Cancer Registries), and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Mortality data were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. A total of 1,658,370 new cancer cases and 589,430 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States in 2015. During the most recent 5 years for which there are data (2007-2011), delay-adjusted cancer incidence rates (13 oldest SEER registries) declined by 1.8% per year in men and were stable in women, while cancer death rates nationwide decreased by 1.8% per year in men and by 1.4% per year in women. The overall cancer death rate decreased from 215.1 (per 100,000 population) in 1991 to 168.7 in 2011, a total relative decline of 22%. However, the magnitude of the decline varied by state, and was generally lowest in the South (∼15%) and highest in the Northeast (≥20%). For example, there were declines of 25% to 30% in Maryland, New Jersey, Massachusetts, New York, and Delaware, which collectively averted 29,000 cancer deaths in 2011 as a result of this progress. Further gains can be accelerated by applying existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the population.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Cancer statistics in China, 2015

TL;DR: Many of the estimated cancer cases and deaths can be prevented through reducing the prevalence of risk factors, while increasing the effectiveness of clinical care delivery, particularly for those living in rural areas and in disadvantaged populations.
Journal ArticleDOI

Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990-2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Mohammad H. Forouzanfar, +736 more
- 05 Dec 2015 - 
TL;DR: The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor study 2013 (GBD 2013) as discussed by the authors provides a timely opportunity to update the comparative risk assessment with new data for exposure, relative risks, and evidence on the appropriate counterfactual risk distribution.

Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2015: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Mohammad H Forouzanfar, +653 more
TL;DR: The comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 was used to estimate attributable deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and trends in exposure by age group, sex, year, and geography for 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational risks or clusters of risks from 1990 to 2015.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Molecular Taxonomy of Primary Prostate Cancer

Adam Abeshouse, +311 more
- 05 Nov 2015 - 
TL;DR: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has been used for a comprehensive molecular analysis of primary prostate carcinomas as discussed by the authors, revealing substantial heterogeneity among primary prostate cancers, evident in the spectrum of molecular abnormalities and its variable clinical course.
References
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Permutation tests for joinpoint regression with applications to cancer rates

TL;DR: A joinpoint regression model is applied to describe continuous changes in the recent trend and the grid-search method is used to fit the regression function with unknown joinpoints assuming constant variance and uncorrelated errors.
Book

International Classification of Diseases for Oncology

TL;DR: This list of diseases for oncology includes cancers of the central nervous system, as well as other types of diseases such as lymphoma, leukaemia, and so on.
Book ChapterDOI

Breast Cancer Statistics

TL;DR: Breast cancer rates vary largely by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES), and geographic region, and death rates are higher in African American women than in whites, despite their lower incidence rates.
Journal ArticleDOI

International Classification of Diseases for Oncology

TL;DR: Use ofImmunofluorescence in the Diagnosis of Virus Infections using audio-tape slide programme and slides and cassette by P. S. Gardner.
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