Showing papers on "Trace metal published in 2005"
TL;DR: Soil microorganisms are the first living organisms subjected to the impacts of metal contamination, and changes in microbial biomass, activity, and community structure as a result of increased metal concentration in soil may be used as indicators of soil contamination or soil environmental quality.
1,376 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors co-located 24-hour samples of PM10, PM2.5 and black smoke (BS) at an urban background site in Edinburgh, and each sample sequentially extracted with ultra-pure water, then concentrated HNO3/HCl, and analyzed for Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb.
217 citations
TL;DR: Molar ratios of the trace metals in the dissolved and solid phases in the lake are fairly similar to those in Zala River, and in zooplankton, Zn seemed to be much more elevated compared to the other trace metals.
188 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a scanning electron microscope with an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDAX) to examine the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of the leaves of Aesculus hippocastanum and Turkish hazel.
181 citations
TL;DR: Investigating wet and dry deposition fluxes and stormwater discharges within a small, highly impervious urban catchment in Los Angeles demonstrated atmospheric deposition represents an important source of trace metals in stormwater to waterbodies near urban centers.
180 citations
TL;DR: The results of Pb isotopic compositions indicated that the bioaccumulation of PB in fish come from a wide variety of food sources and/or exposure pathways, particularly the anthropogenic inputs.
171 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, trace metal levels in seven different wild-growing mushroom species from Kayseri, Turkey were determined by flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after microwave digestion.
167 citations
TL;DR: This paper reviews recent studies on the influence of trace metal exposure history on subsequent metal uptake in marine invertebrates, particularly bivalves and barnacles and suggests a few areas for future research in this field.
157 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the average metal concentrations in seven fish species varied in the following ranges: Fe, 64.3-197; Mn, 11.7-72.9; Zn,11.9-38.6; Cu, 1.0-4.1; Pb, 0.7−2.4; Cr, 0.,6−1.4); Ni, 1 2−3.4.
154 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that trace metals emissions were higher in coal-based power plant than the fuel oil-fired power plant, and moderately adequate method for trace element sampling in coal as well as oil fired power plants except for Hg.
TL;DR: The phytoextraction potential of a plant species cannot solely be evaluated on the basis of the trace metal concentrations in the plant and soil tissue, and should be analysed and interpreted in relation to other information such as soil concentrations, rooted zone, biomass production, etc.
TL;DR: Results suggest trace metal recycling due to reductive dissolution under suboxic conditions at the sediment surface resulting in trace metal release to the water column and adsorption onto suspended particles.
TL;DR: The result shows that these relatively remote sites have experienced enhanced atmospheric deposition of anthropogenically derived trace elements for over 100 years, and the contamination might start before industrialisation.
TL;DR: The data from this study and other recent research clearly demonstrate that some trace metals impair the fertilization success of gametes from faviid and acroporiid reef corals.
Abstract: This study provides new information on the effects of various concentrations of the trace metals copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, and nickel on fertilization success of gametes from the scleractinian reef corals Goniastrea aspera,Goniastrea retiformis, Acropora tenuis, and Acropora longicyathus The EC50 values (the concentration that reduces the fertilization rate by 50% relative to the control fertilization) for copper effects on fertilization success of these coral species range from 15 to 40 µg/L, which is similar to responses of other marine invertebrates The EC50 values for lead were 1450–1800 µg/L for the Acropora species, and >2400 µg/L for G aspera gametes, which indicates that lead was much less toxic than copper Fertilization responses to zinc and nickel were variable and a significant reduction in fertilization success for A tenuis gametes was found only at very high cadmium concentrations The data from this study and other recent research clearly demonstrate that some trace metals impair the fertilization success of gametes from faviid and acroporiid reef corals Trace metal inputs into reef waters should be limited and controlled to avoid potential interference with sexual reproductive processes of reef corals
TL;DR: Results suggest that copper levels in calves from the industrialized area were generally low, and nearly half of these animals showed tissue copper levels indicating risk of copper deficiency, as reported previously for severely polluted regions.
TL;DR: Complementary SEM, TEM and EDS observations showed the recurrent presence of particulate matter in moss and lichen, indicating the considerable presence of dust in the urban atmosphere which, according to chemical composition, may be due both to anthropogenic and natural sources such as volcanic rock and soil and sea salts.
TL;DR: The SEM/AVS ratio prediction may overestimate trace metal availability even in the sediments with high AVS concentrations, suggesting that AVS might play a major role in binding heavy metals in the deep sediments of the PRE.
TL;DR: The concentrations of calcium and zinc in the malign human prostate were found to be significantly higher than those in the benign human prostate (p < 0.05 for both metals), and more studies are needed regarding the increase or decrease in the metal concentrations of malign prostate samples.
Abstract: Imbalance in the composition of trace metals, recognized to be essential to normal human homeostasis, besides the accumulation of potentially toxic or nonessential trace metals, may cause disease. Thus, there is a need for their analysis in cancerous and noncancerous human tissues to examine the relationship between cancer and these elements. Trace metal concentrations including Cd, Ni, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mg, and Ca in both malign and benign prostate samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The tissues were digested by using microwave energy. In contrast to the literature data for zinc, the concentrations of calcium and zinc in the malign human prostate were found to be significantly higher than those in the benign human prostate (p < 0.05 for both metals). Similarly, the concentrations of iron, nickel, and magnesium in the malign prostate were also found to be higher than those in the benign prostate (p
TL;DR: In an attempt to clarify the release of trace elements from the seasonal coastal sea ice, samples were periodically collected in a nearshore station inside the Gerlache Inlet (Terra Nova Bay, Western Ross Sea), during the summer 2000/01 and analyzed for dissolved and particulate cadmium, copper, iron, manganese and lead, as well as salinity, suspended particulate matter, nutrients and phytoplankton pigments as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: In an attempt to clarify the release of trace elements from the seasonal coastal sea ice, samples were periodically collected in a nearshore station inside the Gerlache Inlet (Terra Nova Bay, Western Ross Sea), during the summer 2000/01 and analysed for dissolved and particulate cadmium, copper, iron, manganese and lead, as well as salinity, suspended particulate matter, nutrients and phytoplankton pigments. In order to provide insight on the metal association with the particles included in the sea ice, the metal solid speciation was also investigated. Both vertical distributions within the ice cores and temporal variations at the seawater interface were studied, in an effort to fully characterize the system and correlation among the considered parameters. Concentrations and speciation patterns clearly indicate metal incorporation within the annual sea ice due to resuspension of sediments, followed by release of particulate metals during melting as a primary process affecting trace metal availability in the Antarctic coastal waters.
TL;DR: Levels of trace elements in Caspian fishes were relatively low in comparison to those of other regions, but Zn and Hg levels in some specimens exceeded the guideline values for food.
TL;DR: In this article, the molecular mechanisms behind the high scavenging efficiency of biogenic Mn4+ oxide minerals were investigated using X-ray absorption spectroscopy, which has important implications for the remediation of trace metal contamination.
Abstract: Manganese oxides produced by microorganisms are abundant environmental nanoparticles whose high retention capacity for toxic trace metals, especially lead, is well established. Until very recently, our knowledge of the molecular-scale structure and reactivity of these biogenic Mn4+ oxide minerals was inferred from studies of synthetic analogues prepared in the laboratory. However, biogenic Mn oxides and their reactions with trace metals now can be investigated directly using X-ray absorption spectroscopy, thus bringing new insights into the molecular mechanisms behind the very high scavenging efficiency of these minerals. This new knowledge has important implications for the remediation of trace metal contamination.
TL;DR: This work demonstrates that J. maritimus can release organic compounds that can act as complexing agents of trace metal and therefore organic exudates should be accounted for when dealing with estuarine environment quality.
Abstract: The aim of this work was to identify a variety of low molecular weight organic acids exuded by the sea rush Juncus maritimus collected at two locations with different sediment characteristics (sandy and muddy) and to examine whether specific differences in physico-chemical sediment characteristics influenced plant exudation. Just after collection, plant roots were rinsed and put in contact with deionised water for 2 h. In the obtained solution the organic acids, exuded by the plants, were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Juncus maritimus was shown to be capable of releasing malonate and oxalate. Sediments and rhizosediments (sediment in contact with the plant roots and rhizomes, corresponding to the area of higher belowground biomass) from the areas where the plants had been collected were characterised in terms of physical and chemical composition, including acid volatile sulphide and total-recoverable metals (Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni and Cd). It was found that the extent of exudation varied markedly between sites. The identified organic acids were used as extractants of metals from sediments and rhizosediments and the results were compared with those provided by a very commonly used sequential extraction approach, which was carried out in parallel. This work demonstrates that J. maritimus can release organic compounds that can act as complexing agents of trace metal and therefore organic exudates should be accounted for when dealing with estuarine environment quality.
TL;DR: In this paper, surface water samples were collected randomly from selected sites in the rivers of Dzindi, Madanzhe and Mvudi in Thohoyandou, South Africa, with a view to obtain a baseline data of their levels.
TL;DR: In this article, a high-resolution 1,300 year record of metal accumulation was presented from a varved lake sediment on Devon Island in the Canadian High Arctic Down-core concentration profiles of Cd, Cu and Zn were positively correlated.
TL;DR: The results indicate that Avicennia schaueriana, Laguncularia racemosa, and Rhizophora mangle seedlings developed an efficient exclusion of Fe, Mn, and Zn through iron plaque formation, suggesting that Mn trapping in rhizosphere sediments andIron plaque formation are the main mechanisms responsible for the Mn exclusion from the organism level.
Abstract: Metal-rich mineral deposits on the roots of aquatic plants, denominated iron plaques, may moderate the uptake of essential, but potentially toxic metals by roots. We investigated the iron plaque formation on the fine, nutritive roots of mangrove seedlings growing in contrasting environments (oxidizing sand flat sediments and reducing mangrove forest sediments) in southeast Brazil. The results indicate that Avicennia schaueriana, Laguncularia racemosa, and Rhizophora mangle seedlings developed an efficient exclusion of Fe, Mn, and Zn through iron plaque formation. This process seems to be influenced substantially by species-specific responses to environmental conditions. While Fe and Zn translocation to leaves appear to be suppressed by accumulation within root tissues, this did not appear to occur for Mn, suggesting that Mn trapping in rhizosphere sediments and iron plaque formation are the main mechanisms responsible for the Mn exclusion from the organism level. In addition to factors well recognized as affecting mangrove seedling development (e.g., salinity stress and nutrient availability), the mediation of trace metal uptake by iron plaque formation possibly contribute to determine the seedling adaptability to waterlogged conditions.
TL;DR: It is concluded that the mussels M. galloprovincialis are suitable biomonitors to assess changes in metal pollution in this coastal area of the Black Sea.
TL;DR: The metal concentrations recorded at the clean stations may be considered as useful background levels to which to refer for comparison within the Mediterranean area, but on the contrary, the high levels of chromium and mercury found respectively in the areas near the Gulf of Taranto and at Capo Passero need frequent monitoring.
Abstract: Trace metal concentrations of mercury, cadmium, lead and chromium in Patella caerulea, and Mullus barbatus were investigated to provide information on pollution of Ionian Sea, since these metals have the highest toxic potential. High chromium levels (0.47–0.97 μg g−1 ww) were registered in limpet samples collected from two station near the Gulf of Taranto, while elevated concentration of mercury (0.31–1.50 μg g−1 ww) were found in mullet specimens from Sicily. The metal concentrations recorded at the clean stations may be considered as useful background levels to which to refer for comparison within the Mediterranean area. On the contrary, the high levels of chromium and mercury found respectively in the areas near the Gulf of Taranto and at Capo Passero being of concern in terms of environmental health need frequent monitoring.
TL;DR: Insight is provided into processes controlling trace metal partitioning in coarse-textured, suboxic, estuarine sediments and Corresponding values for association with crystalline oxides were an order of magnitude less than those for amorphous oxides, indicating a lesser affinity of trace metals for crystallineOxides.
Abstract: The geochemical partitioning of copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) was examined in benthic sediment profiles (0- to 20-cm depth interval) composed of relatively coarse (65-90% sand-sized particles), noncohesive, suboxic material (Eh +120 to +260 mV). Total Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations ranged from 8.3 to 194, 16.3 to 74.8, and 30.1 to 220 mg/kg, respectively, and were related to vertical trends in sediment texture. The observed distribution coefficients describing solid-solution partitioning were in the range of 100 to 1000 L/kg. The geochemical partitioning of solid-phase Cu, Pb, and Zn between six operationally defined fractions was examined with a sequential extraction scheme. The association of Cu, Pb, and Zn with amorphous oxides, crystalline oxides, and organic matter was linearly dependent on the abundance of each respective phase. For retention by amorphous oxide minerals, the observed stoichiometry ranged from 5.2 to 23.7 mg/g for Cu, 12.8 to 21.5 mg/g for Pb, and 23.1 to 85.7 mg/g for Zn. Corresponding values for association with crystalline oxides were an order of magnitude less than those for amorphous oxides, indicating a lesser affinity of trace metals for crystalline oxides. The stoichiometric relationships describing association with organic matter ranged from 17.6 to 54.0 mg/g for Cu, 6.1 to 9.6 mg/g for Pb, and 6.4 to 16.4 mg/g for Zn. The results from this study provide an insight into processes controlling trace metal partitioning in coarse-textured, suboxic, estuarine sediments.
TL;DR: Using physical (0.1 and 0.45 μm cut-off filters) and ion exchange (Chelex-100 and AG MP1 resins) separation techniques, detailed distribution patterns and chemical affinities of selected trace metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb) were investigated under different redox conditions in the Danshuei River estuary, a macro-tidal, temporally anoxic estuary passing through the metropolitan area of Taipei in Northern Taiwan as discussed by the authors.