다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Examination of nature's favorite molecules reveals a striking preference for making carbon-heteroatom bonds over carbon-carbon bonds-surely no surprise given that carbon dioxide is nature's starting material and that most reactions are performed in water. Nucleic acids, proteins, and polysaccharides are condensation polymers of small subunits stitched together by carbon-heteroatom bonds. Even the 35 or so building blocks from which these crucial molecules are made each contain, at most, six contiguous C-C bonds, except for the three aromatic amino acids. Taking our cue from nature's approach, we address here the development of a set of powerful, highly reliable, and selective reactions for the rapid synthesis of useful new compounds and combinatorial libraries through heteroatom links (C-X-C), an approach we call "click chemistry". Click chemistry is at once defined, enabled, and constrained by a handful of nearly perfect "spring-loaded" reactions. The stringent criteria for a process to earn click chemistry status are described along with examples of the molecular frameworks that are easily made using this spartan, but powerful, synthetic strategy.

https://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/1521-3773%2820010601%2940%3A11%3C2004%3A%3AAID-ANIE2004%3E3.0.CO%3B2-5

Click Chemistry: Diverse Chemical Function from a Few Good Reactions.

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2019/NP/C8NP00092A

Marine natural products.

CA : A Cancer Journal for Clinicians

A method for the selective cleavage of a benzodioxole (methylenedioxy group) to a methoxyphenol through the use of a p-methylthiophenoxide ion is described. When the procedure was applied to a lignan derivative such as (−)-austrobailignan-5, the reaction was found to proceed regioselectively, and the intermediate thiacetal could be converted to a catechol, or manipulated to yield either one of the two possible methoxyphenols. Of the two isomers, the one with the bis 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy substitution was found to be identical with (−)-dihydroguaiaretic acid, isolated for the first time from the plant Saururus cernuus

Carboalumination of 1-alkynes and in situ transmetalation to higher order cyanocuprates. Stereospecific synthesis of tri- and disubstituted olefins by conjugate addition to enones

A new ligand scaffold for catalytic asymmetric alkylzinc additions to aldehydes.

Synthesis of the C(1')--C(11') segment of leucascandrolide A.

The academic setting provides an environment that may foster success in the discovery of certain types of small molecule tools while proving less suitable in others. For example, small molecule probes for poorly understood systems, those that exploit a specific resident expertise, and those whose commercial return is not apparent are ideally suited to be pursued in a university setting. In this review, we highlight five projects that emanated from academic research groups and generated valuable tool compounds that have been used to interrogate biological phenomena: reactive oxygen species (ROS) sensors, GPR30 agonists and antagonists, selective CB2 agonists, Hsp70 modulators, and β-amyloid PET imaging agents. By taking advantage of the unique expertise resident in university settings and the ability to pursue novel projects that may have great scientific value but with limited or no immediate commercial value, probes from academic research groups continue to provide useful tools and generate a long-term r...

/pdf/contributions-of-academic-laboratories-to-the-discovery-and-279ztmzg1x.pdf

Peter Wipf

Papers

Carboalumination of 1-alkynes and in situ transmetalation to higher order cyanocuprates. Stereospecific synthesis of tri- and disubstituted olefins by conjugate addition to enones

A new ligand scaffold for catalytic asymmetric alkylzinc additions to aldehydes.

Synthesis of the C(1')--C(11') segment of leucascandrolide A.

Contributions of academic laboratories to the discovery and development of chemical biology tools.

Water-accelerated tandem Claisen rearrangement-catalytic asymmetric carboalumination.