다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Examination of nature's favorite molecules reveals a striking preference for making carbon-heteroatom bonds over carbon-carbon bonds-surely no surprise given that carbon dioxide is nature's starting material and that most reactions are performed in water. Nucleic acids, proteins, and polysaccharides are condensation polymers of small subunits stitched together by carbon-heteroatom bonds. Even the 35 or so building blocks from which these crucial molecules are made each contain, at most, six contiguous C-C bonds, except for the three aromatic amino acids. Taking our cue from nature's approach, we address here the development of a set of powerful, highly reliable, and selective reactions for the rapid synthesis of useful new compounds and combinatorial libraries through heteroatom links (C-X-C), an approach we call "click chemistry". Click chemistry is at once defined, enabled, and constrained by a handful of nearly perfect "spring-loaded" reactions. The stringent criteria for a process to earn click chemistry status are described along with examples of the molecular frameworks that are easily made using this spartan, but powerful, synthetic strategy.

https://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/1521-3773%2820010601%2940%3A11%3C2004%3A%3AAID-ANIE2004%3E3.0.CO%3B2-5

Click Chemistry: Diverse Chemical Function from a Few Good Reactions.

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2019/NP/C8NP00092A

Marine natural products.

CA : A Cancer Journal for Clinicians

The Ag(I)-catalyzed tandem epoxy ester rearrangement−dioxycarbenium ion addition reaction with alkenyl zirconocenes provides 1,4-keto esters that can be further converted to substituted pyridazinones. The use of a fluorous tag in a cyclization-assisted cleavage strategy demonstrates the feasibility of extending this methodology to high-throughput organic synthesis.

Silver(I)-Catalyzed Addition of Zirconocenes to Epoxy Esters: A New Entry to 1,4-Dicarbonyl Compounds and Pyridazinones.

[reaction: see text]. Hydrozirconation of internal and terminal alkynes followed by in situ transmetalation to dimethylzinc and treatment with diiodomethane leads to chain extended allylic organometallics. Addition to N-phosphinoyl or N-sulfonyl aldimines provides homoallylic amines in 48-87% yield and 3:2 to >20:1 diastereomeric ratios favoring anti-products.

Tandem Zirconocene Homologation—Aldimine Allylation.

1‐Methoxy‐1‐(trimethylsilyloxy)propene

Propargyl alcohols isolated after the first step undergo intramolecular cycloaddition under microwave irradiation to give the title compounds in good yields.

5-Hydroxyindoles by Intramolecular Alkynol—Furan Diels—Alder Cycloaddition.

A recyclable fluorous labeled THP protecting group has been developed that allows for simple purification of small molecules by liquid-liquid extraction with FC-72/MeCN, and of larger or more polar molecules by solid phase extraction with fluorous reverse phase silica gel. In addition, we report a new glycosylation method which uses the Cp2ZrCl2AgClO4 reagent system to activate an anomeric sulfoxide.

Peter Wipf

Papers

Silver(I)-Catalyzed Addition of Zirconocenes to Epoxy Esters: A New Entry to 1,4-Dicarbonyl Compounds and Pyridazinones.

Tandem Zirconocene Homologation—Aldimine Allylation.

1‐Methoxy‐1‐(trimethylsilyloxy)propene

5-Hydroxyindoles by Intramolecular Alkynol—Furan Diels—Alder Cycloaddition.

Synthesis and Applications of a Fluorous THP Protective Group.