Institution
Aoyama Gakuin University
Education•Tokyo, Japan•
About: Aoyama Gakuin University is a education organization based out in Tokyo, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Superconductivity & Thin film. The organization has 3494 authors who have published 6419 publications receiving 115648 citations. The organization is also known as: Aoyama gakuin daigaku.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported the discovery of bulk superconductivity in magnesium diboride, MgB2, with a transition temperature of 39'K, which they believe to be the highest yet determined for a non-copper-oxide bulk superconductor.
Abstract: In the light of the tremendous progress that has been made in raising the transition temperature of the copper oxide superconductors (for a review, see ref. 1), it is natural to wonder how high the transition temperature, Tc, can be pushed in other classes of materials. At present, the highest reported values of Tc for non-copper-oxide bulk superconductivity are 33 K in electron-doped CsxRbyC60 (ref. 2), and 30 K in Ba1-xKxBiO3 (ref. 3). (Hole-doped C60 was recently found4 to be superconducting with a Tc as high as 52 K, although the nature of the experiment meant that the supercurrents were confined to the surface of the C60 crystal, rather than probing the bulk.) Here we report the discovery of bulk superconductivity in magnesium diboride, MgB2. Magnetization and resistivity measurements establish a transition temperature of 39 K, which we believe to be the highest yet determined for a non-copper-oxide bulk superconductor.
5,402 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a reagent formed by combining diethyl azodicarboxylate (DEAD) and triphenylphosphine (TPP) could be utilized in the intermolecular dehydration between an alcohol and various acidic components such as carboxylic acids, phosphoric diesters, imides, and active methylene compounds.
Abstract: The reagent formed by combining diethyl azodicarboxylate (DEAD) and triphenylphosphine (TPP) could be utilized in the intermolecular dehydration between an alcohol and various acidic components such as carboxylic acids, phosphoric diesters, imides, and active methylene compounds. By the use of DEAD and TPP, diols and hydroxy acids gave cyclic ethers and lactones, respectively. The reaction of nucleosides with DEAD and TPP afforded triphenylphosphoranylnucleosides. Alcohols reacted with 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-nitrophenol in the presence of DEAD and TPP to give aci-nitroesters which converted into the corresponding carbonyl compounds.
3,209 citations
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University of Geneva1, Ioffe Institute2, University of California, Santa Cruz3, University of Mississippi4, Curtin University5, University of California, Santa Barbara6, Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network7, University of Warwick8, Spanish National Research Council9, University of Colorado Boulder10, University of Hawaii11, Aoyama Gakuin University12, Queen's University Belfast13, Max Planck Society14, Nagoya University15, University of Warsaw16
TL;DR: A binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors.
Abstract: On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of $\sim 1.7\,{\rm{s}}$ with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of ${40}_{-8}^{+8}$ Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 $\,{M}_{\odot }$. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at $\sim 40\,{\rm{Mpc}}$) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One-Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ~10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient's position $\sim 9$ and $\sim 16$ days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC 4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta.
2,746 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the magnetoresistive response increases dramatically when the Curie temperature (T C) is reduced, and that the massive magnetoresistance in low-T C systems can be explained by percolative transport through the ferromagnetic domains; this depends sensitively on the relative spin orientation of adjacent magnetoric domains which can be controlled by applied magnetic fields.
Abstract: Colossal magnetoresistance1—an unusually large change of resistivity observed in certain materials following application of magnetic field—has been extensively researched in ferromagnetic perovskite manganites. But it remains unclear why the magnetoresistive response increases dramatically when the Curie temperature (T C) is reduced. In these materials, T C varies sensitively with changing chemical pressure; this can be achieved by introducing trivalent rare-earth ions of differing size into the perovskite structure2,3,4, without affecting the valency of the Mn ions. The chemical pressure modifies local structural parameters such as the Mn–O bond distance and Mn–O–Mn bond angle, which directly influence the case of electron hopping between Mn ions (that is, the electronic bandwidth). But these effects cannot satisfactorily explain the dependence of magnetoresistance on T C. Here we demonstrate, using electron microscopy data, that the prototypical (La,Pr,Ca)MnO3 system is electronically phase-separated into a sub-micrometre-scale mixture of insulating regions (with a particular type of charge-ordering) and metallic, ferromagnetic domains. We find that the colossal magnetoresistive effect in low-T C systems can be explained by percolative transport through the ferromagnetic domains; this depends sensitively on the relative spin orientation of adjacent ferromagnetic domains which can be controlled by applied magnetic fields.
1,417 citations
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Marcos Daniel Actis1, G. Agnetta2, Felix Aharonian3, A. G. Akhperjanian +682 more•Institutions (109)
TL;DR: The ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has had a major breakthrough with the impressive results obtained using systems of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes as mentioned in this paper, which is an international initiative to build the next generation instrument, with a factor of 5-10 improvement in sensitivity in the 100 GeV-10 TeV range and the extension to energies well below 100GeV and above 100 TeV.
Abstract: Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has had a major breakthrough with the impressive results obtained using systems of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has a huge potential in astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology. CTA is an international initiative to build the next generation instrument, with a factor of 5-10 improvement in sensitivity in the 100 GeV-10 TeV range and the extension to energies well below 100 GeV and above 100 TeV. CTA will consist of two arrays (one in the north, one in the south) for full sky coverage and will be operated as open observatory. The design of CTA is based on currently available technology. This document reports on the status and presents the major design concepts of CTA.
1,006 citations
Authors
Showing all 3525 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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K. Nakagawa | 0 | 1 | 0 |
I. Satoh | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Miku Ohno | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Noriaki Okamuro | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Takuya Harada | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Yui Yamashita | 0 | 2 | 0 |
Yuelin Zheng | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Hanano Kobayashi | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Rikuto Suzuki | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Miki Uetsuki | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Susan McCool | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Aminova Gulnoza Xakimovna | 0 | 1 | 0 |
В.Б. Акулов | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Andrew Baum | 0 | 1 | 0 |
John Desmond Bernal | 0 | 1 | 0 |