Aoyama Gakuin University

About: Aoyama Gakuin University is a education organization based out in Tokyo, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Superconductivity & Thin film. The organization has 3494 authors who have published 6419 publications receiving 115648 citations. The organization is also known as: Aoyama gakuin daigaku.

Full-color tunable photoluminescent ionic liquid crystals based on tripodal pyridinium, pyrimidinium, and quinolinium salts.

Abstract: Color-tunable luminescent ionic liquid crystals have been designed as a new series of luminescent materials. To achieve tuning of emission colors, intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) character has been incorporated into tripodal molecules. A series of the compounds has three chromophores in each molecule, incorporated with both electron-donating moieties such as alkylaminobenzene and alkoxybenzene, and electron-accepting moieties such as pyridinium, pyrimidinium, and quinolinium parts. These C(3)-symmetrical molecules self-assemble into liquid-crystalline (LC) columnar (Col) structures over wide temperature ranges through nanosegregation between ionic moieties and nonionic aliphatic chains. Photoluminescent (PL) emissions of these tripodal molecules are observed in the visible region both in the self-assembled condensed states and in solutions. For example, a pyrimidinium salt with didodecylaminobenzene moieties exhibits yellowish orange emission (λ(em) = 586 nm in a thin film). Multicolor PL emissions are successfully achieved by simple tuning of changing electron-donating and electron-accepting moieties of the compounds, covering the visible region from blue-green to red. It has been revealed that ICT processes in the excited states and weak intermolecular interactions play important roles in the determination of the PL properties of the materials, by measurements of UV-vis absorption and emission spectra, fluorescence lifetimes, and PL quantum yields.

Evidentiality, modality and probability

Abstract: We show in this paper that some expressions indicating source of evidence are part of propositional content and are best analyzed as special kind of epistemic modal. Our evidence comes from the Japanese evidential system. We consider six evidentials in Japanese, showing that they can be embedded in conditionals and under modals and that their properties with respect to modal subordination are similar to those of ordinary modals. We show that these facts are difficult for existing theories of evidentials, which assign evidentials necessarily widest scope, to explain. We then provide an analysis using a logical system designed to account for evidential reasoning; this logic is the first developed system of probabilistic dynamic predicate logic. This analysis is shown to account for the data we provide that is problematic for other theories.

A New Family of Superconducting Copper Oxides: (Ln1-xCex)2(Ba1-yLny)2Cu3O10-δ (Ln: Nd, Sm, EU)

Abstract: A new family of high- T C superconductors (Ln 1- x Ce x ) 2 (Ba 1- y Ln y ) 2 Cu 3 O 10-δ (Ln: Nd, Sm, EU) has been found by resistivity and magnetization measurements. The highest onset transition temperature is about 43 K. The structure is proposed on the basis of electron diffractions and Rietveld analysis of powder X-ray diffraction data.

Discrimination analysis of human lung cancer cells associated with histological type and malignancy using Raman spectroscopy

Abstract: The Raman spectroscopic technique enables the observation of intracellular molecules without fixation or labeling procedures in situ Raman spectroscopy is a promising technology for diagnosing cancers-especially lung cancer, one of the most common cancers in humans-and other diseases The purpose of this study was to find an effective marker for the identification of cancer cells and their malignancy using Raman spectroscopy We demonstrate a classification of cultured human lung cancer cells using Raman spectroscopy, principal component analysis (PCA), and linear discrimination analysis (LDA) Raman spectra of single, normal lung cells, along with four cancer cells with different pathological types, were successfully obtained with an excitation laser at 532 nm The strong appearance of bands due to cytochrome c (cyt-c) indicates that spectra are resonant and enhanced via the Q-band near 550 nm with excitation light The PCA loading plot suggests a large contribution of cyt-c in discriminating normal cells from cancer cells The PCA results reflect the nature of the original cancer, such as its histological type and malignancy The five cells were successfully discriminated by the LDA

Iridium-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of α,ω-diynes with nitriles.

Abstract: [Ir(cod)Cl]2/DPPF or BINAP efficiently catalyzed the cycloaddition of α,ω-diynes with nitriles to give pyridines. The reaction can accommodate a very wide range of nitriles. Both aliphatic and aromatic nitriles smoothly reacted with α,ω-diynes to give pyridines. Ten equivalents of unactivated aliphatic nitrile were enough to give the product in high yield. Aliphatic nitriles bearing an acetal or amino moiety could be used for the reaction. The highly regioselective cycloaddition of unsymmetrical diyne bearing two different internal alkyne moieties was achieved. The observed regioselectivity could be reasonably explained by considering the different reactivities of the α-position in iridacyclopentadiene. Regioselective cycloaddition was successfully applied to the synthesis of terpyridine and quinquepyridine. This chemistry was extended to a new and efficient synthesis of oligoheteroarenes. Five aromatic or heteroaromatic rings were connected in a single operation. [Ir(cod)Cl]2/chiral diphosphine catalyst ...