Aoyama Gakuin University

About: Aoyama Gakuin University is a education organization based out in Tokyo, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Superconductivity & Thin film. The organization has 3494 authors who have published 6419 publications receiving 115648 citations. The organization is also known as: Aoyama gakuin daigaku.

The outflow structure of GW170817 from late-time broad-band observations

Abstract: We present our broad-band study of GW170817 from radio to hard X-rays, including NuSTAR and Chandra observations up to 165 d after the merger, and a multimessenger analysis including LIGO constraints. The data are compared with predictions from a wide range of models, providing the first detailed comparison between non-trivial cocoon and jet models. Homogeneous and power-law shaped jets, as well as simple cocoon models are ruled out by the data, while both a Gaussian shaped jet and a cocoon with energy injection can describe the current data set for a reasonable range of physical parameters, consistent with the typical values derived from short GRB afterglows. We propose that these models can be unambiguously discriminated by future observations measuring the post-peak behaviour, with F_ν ∝ t^(∼−1.0) for the cocoon and F_ν∝ t^(∼−2.5) for the jet model.

Global characteristics of x-ray flashes and x-ray-rich gamma-ray bursts observed by hete-2

Abstract: We describe and discuss the global properties of 45 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) observed by HETE-2 during the first 3 years of its mission, focusing on the properties of X-ray flashes (XRFs) and X-ray-rich GRBs (XRRs). We find that the numbers of XRFs, XRRs, and GRBs are comparable, and that the durations and the sky distributions of XRFs and XRRs are similar to those of GRBs. We also find that the spectral properties of XRFs and XRRs are similar to those of GRBs, except that the values of the peak energy E of the burst spectrum in νFν, the peak energy flux Fpeak, and the energy fluence SE of XRFs are much smaller (and those of XRRs are smaller) than those of GRBs. Finally, we find that the distributions of all three kinds of bursts form a continuum in the [SE(2-30 keV), SE(30-400) keV] plane, the [SE(2-400 keV), Epeak] plane, and the [Fpeak(50-300 keV), Epeak] plane. These results provide strong evidence that all three kinds of bursts arise from the same phenomenon.

Apoptosis induction resulting from proteasome inhibition

Abstract: Proteases are known to be involved in the apoptotic pathway. We report here that benzyloxycarbonyl (Z)-Leu-Leu-leucinal(ZLLLal), a leupeptin analogue, can induce apoptosis in MOLT-4 and L5178Y cells. ZLLLal is a cell-permeant inhibitor of proteasome. Among the protease inhibitors tested, only calpain inhibitor I (acetyl-Leu-Leu-norleucinal) and ZLLLal caused a marked induction of apoptosis in MOLT-4 cells. In contrast Z-Leu-leucinal, a specific inhibitor of calpain, did not induce apoptosis. When MOLT-4 cells were incubated in the presence of ZLLLal, p53 accumulated in the cells. These results strongly suggest that inhibition of proteasome induces p53-dependent apoptosis and that proteasome can protect cell from apoptosis.

Individual Differences, Cognitive Abilities, Aptitude Complexes, and Learning Conditions in Second Language Acquisition.

Abstract: Individual differences in resource availability, and the patterns of cognitive abilities they contribute to, are important to:• explaining variation between learners in the effectiveness of second ...