Showing papers by "Capital Normal University published in 2003"
TL;DR: The phase retrieval algorithm has been used in this paper for whole reconstruction of the optical wave fields and numerical reconstructions of the wave fields from experimentally recorded in-line holograms are presented.
Abstract: The phase retrieval algorithm has been used in this paper for whole reconstruction of the optical wave fields. The quantitative information of the phase distribution as well as the intensity distribution of the reconstruction field at different locations along the propagation direction has been achieved from double or multi in-line holograms. Numerical reconstructions of the wave fields from experimentally recorded in-line holograms are presented. This technique can be potentially applied for aberrated wave front analyzing and 3D imaging.
132 citations
15 Sep 2003
TL;DR: On dried filter paper coated with silver nanoparticles, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of p-hydroxybenzoic acid were studied, and high-quality SERS spectra were obtained, indicating that the silver-coated filter paper is a highly SERS-active substrate.
Abstract: On dried filter paper coated with silver nanoparticles, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) were studied, and high-quality SERS spectra were obtained, indicating that the silver-coated filter paper is a highly SERS-active substrate. The analysis showed that the adsorption behavior of PHBA molecules on silver nanoparticles coated on filter paper was different from that in silver aqueous colloids. On the filter paper, it was found that the SERS spectra of PHBA changed with the proportion of PHBA molecules and silver nanoparticles, indicating that the adsorption behavior of PHBA molecules changed with the proportion. The probable reasons are given.
98 citations
TL;DR: The results strongly support the secondary origin hypothesis, namely European spelt wheat originated from hybridization between cultivated emmer and club wheat.
Abstract: The allelic compositions of high- and low-molecular-weight subunits of glutenins (HMW-GS and LMW-GS) among European spelt (Triticum spelta L.) and related hexaploid and tetraploid Triticum species were investigated by one- and two-dimensional polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and capillary electrophoresis (CE). A total of seven novel glutenin alleles (designated A1a*, B1d*, B1g*, B1f*, B1j*, D1a* at Glu-1 and A3h at the Glu-3 loci, respectively) in European spelt wheat were detected by SDS-PAGE, which were confirmed further by employing A-PAGE and CE methods. Particularly, two HMW-GS alleles, Glu-B1d* coding the subunits 6.1 and 22.1, and Glu-B1f* coding the subunits 13 and 22*, were found to occur in European spelt with frequencies of 32.34% and 5.11%, respectively. These two alleles were present in cultivated emmer (Triticum dicoccum), but they were not observed in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The allele Glu-B1g* coding for 13* and 19* subunits found in spelt wheat was also detected in club wheat (Triticum compactum L.). Additionally, two alleles coding for LMW-GS, Glu-A3h and Glu-B3d, occurred with high frequencies in spelt, club and cultivated emmer wheat, whereas these were not found or present with very low frequencies in bread wheat. Our results strongly support the secondary origin hypothesis, namely European spelt wheat originated from hybridization between cultivated emmer and club wheat. This is also confirmed experimentally by the artificial synthesis of spelt through crossing between old European emmer wheat, T. dicoccum and club wheat, T. compactum.
96 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the structure of as-synthesized samples (ZrO{sub 2}{center_dot}nH{sub2}O) and the formation mechanism of ZrO-sub 2} nanopowders are also discussed.
95 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the existence of nontrivial solutions of p-Laplacian type Dirichlet boundary value problems was studied using Morse theory, and the results were shown to be true.
91 citations
TL;DR: A necessary separability criterion that relates the structures of the total density matrix and its reductions is given in this article, which is based on the realignment method and can be easily applied.
Abstract: A necessary separability criterion that relates the structures of the total density matrix and its reductions is given. The method used is based on the realignment method [K. Chen and L. A. Wu, Quant. Inf. Comput. 3, 193 (2003)]. The separability criterion naturally generalizes the reduction separability criterion introduced independently in the previous work [M. Horodecki and P. Horodecki, Phys. Rev. A 59, 4206 (1999) and N. J. Cerf, C. Adami, and R. M. Gingrich, Phys. Rev. A 60, 898 (1999)]. In special cases, it recovers the previous reduction criterion and the recent generalized partial transposition criterion [K. Chen and L. A. Wu, Phys. Lett. A 306, 14 (2002)]. The criterion involves only simple matrix manipulations and can therefore be easily applied.
57 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the nonlocal properties for a kind of generic N-dimensional bipartite quantum systems are investigated and a complete set of invariants under local unitary transformations is presented.
Abstract: The nonlocal properties for a kind of generic N-dimensional bipartite quantum systems are investigated. A complete set of invariants under local unitary transformations is presented. It is shown that two generic density matrices are locally equivalent if and only if all these invariants have equal values in these density matrices.
48 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the entanglement of formation for a class of higher-dimensional quantum mixed states is studied in terms of a generalized formula of concurrence for N-dimensional systems.
43 citations
TL;DR: CE appears to be capable of separating and characterizing high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW‐GS) with fast and high‐resolution features, therefore it is expected to be useful for specific germplasm screening and desirable HMW‐ GS identification in wheat quality improvement.
Abstract: This study focused on optimizing phosphate-based buffers and other capillary electrophoresis (CE) parameters for separating and characterizing high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L., AABBDD, 2n = 6x = 42), emmer (Triticum dicoccum, AABB, 2n = 4x = 28) and Aegilops tauschii (DD, 2n = 2x = 14). The fast and high-resolution separation of HMW-GS was achieved using 0.1 M phosphate-glycine buffer (pH 2.5, containing 20% acetonitrile and 0.05% hydroxypropylmethylcellulose) at 12.5 kV and 40 degrees C with 25 microm inside diameter (ID)x27 cm uncoated fused-silica capillary. In general, one sample separation can be analyzed in 15 min. The good run-to-run repeatable separation of HMW-GS could be obtained with a relative standard deviation of less than 1% when capillaries were rinsed with 1 M phosphoric acid for 2 min, followed by separation buffer for 2 min after each separation. The HMW-GS from some bread wheat cultivars as well as tetraploid and diploid accessions was separated by the CE method described above, and all subunits detected were well characterized and readily identified. Some HMW-GS showed reversed mobilities and elution order compared to the methods of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and SDS-CE. Particularly, most of the HMW-GS analyzed with the CE buffer used were separated into multiple peaks, generally a high peak plus a minor peak. CE appears to be capable of separating and characterizing HMW-GS with fast and high-resolution features, therefore it is expected to be useful for specific germplasm screening and desirable HMW-GS identification in wheat quality improvement.
40 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the regular coverings with A = Z p n, an elementary abelian group and obtained new matrix-theoretical characterizations for an automorphism of the base graph to be lifted.
39 citations
TL;DR: The surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of C 60 adsorbed on aqueous gold colloid was reported for the first time in this paper, where the pyridine molecule was used as an intermediate to connect and fix the C 60 molecule to the surface of the golden crystal nanoparticle.
TL;DR: In this paper, several new multiplicity results for asymptotically linear elliptic problems at resonance were obtained via Morse theory and minimax methods, and some new observations on the critical groups of a local linking-type critical point were used to deal with the resonance case at 0.
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TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that a closed simply connected 2m-manifold (m>4) of positive sectional curvature on which a (m-1)-torus acts isometrically is homeomorphic to a complex projective space if and only if its Euler characteristic is not 2.
Abstract: We show that a closed simply connected 8-manifold (9-manifold) of positive sectional curvature on which a 3-torus (4-torus) acts isometrically is homeomorphic to a sphere, a complex projective space or a quaternionic projective plane (sphere). We show that a closed simply connected 2m-manifold (m>4) of positive sectional curvature on which a (m-1)-torus acts isometrically is homeomorphic to a complex projective space if and only if its Euler characteristic is not 2. By a result of Wilking, these results imply a homeomorphism classification for positively curved n-manifolds (n>7) of almost maximal symmetry rank [\frac{n-1}2].
TL;DR: Capillary electrophoresis analysis showed that the method is capable of separating and characterizing gliadins with speed, in high resolution using small sample amounts, and is well-suited to detect protein alleles and to identify desirable genotypes in wheat quality improvement.
Abstract: Gliadin variation at Gli-D t 1 and Gli-D t 2 loci in 198 Aegilops tauschii accessions was studied by acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (A-PAGE) and capillary electrophoresis (CE). High genetic polymorphisms were found at both gliadin coding loci, revealing a total of 184 and 169 gliadin variants at the Gli-D t 1 and Gli-D t 2 loci, respectively. In particular, 12 gliadin blocks encoded by different alleles were apparently expressed and readily identified in six synthetic hexaploids produced by hybridization between Triticum durum and Ae. tauschii accessions. Compared with Ae. tauchii ssp. eusquarrosa, the gliadin profile of the D genome in Ae. tauschii ssp. strangulata more resembles that of T. aestivum,supporting the view that the subspecies strangulata is the most likely progenitor of bread wheat. Capillary electrophoresis analysis showed that the method is capable of separating and characterizing gliadins with speed, in high resolution using small sample amounts, and is well-suited to detect protein alleles and to identify desirable genotypes in wheat quality improvement.
TL;DR: To investigate the phylogenetic relationships of YS19 at the intraspecific, intrageneric and super-generic level, the 16S rDNA similarities between strain YS 19 and 17 other strains of Pantoea and 4 representatives of the closely related genera were analyzed.
Abstract: Pantoea (formerly Enterobacter) agglomerans YS19 is an endophytic diazotrophic bacterium isolated from rice (Oryza sativa cv. Yuefu) grown in temperate climatic regions in west Beijing (China). The bacterium forms aggregate structures called `symplasmata'. A symplasmatum is a multicellular aggregate structure in which several (at least two) to hundreds of individual cells tightly bind together. The studies on the symplasmata formation of YS19 showed that there were two growth stages for YS19, including the single cell stage existing before exponential growth phase and the symplasmata forming stage starting at the early stationary growth phase in liquid GY (glucose yeast extract) medium or at the end of the exponential growth phase in liquid LB (Luria-Bertani) medium. There was a correlation between symplasmata formation and bacterial growth phase. When the medium was acidified, the cell growth rate was affected by the low pH of the medium, but the time required for symplasmata formation was not influenced by it. YS19 also formed symplasmata on agar medium, where more symplasmata were formed than in liquid medium. The volume of individual constitutional cells of symplasmata was sharply decreased by more than a half in comparison with that of the single cells existing before symplasmata formation. On all the media tested, YS19 formed symplasmata in most of the cell growth phases. The genome DNA/DNA homology between P. agglomerans YS19 and type strain P. agglomerans JCM1236T (ATCC27155T) was determined as 90.1%, confirming its membership of P. agglomerans. In order to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of YS19 at the intraspecific, intrageneric and super-generic level, the 16S rDNA similarities between strain YS19 and 17 other strains of Pantoea and 4 representatives of the closely related genera were analyzed. All the strains of Pantoea were clustered into 5 groups, and YS19 was clustered in a unique branch. The 16S rDNA similarity between YS19 and type strain JCM1236T was 93.9%, much lower than the generally accepted value (=97%) for members of the same species, indicating that the 16S rDNA of YS19 has a distinct molecular characteristic.
TL;DR: In this article, a simplification scheme of probabilistic teleportation of two-particle states in a general form is given, by means of primitive operations consisting of single qubit gates, two qubit controlled-not gates, Von Neumann measurement and classically controlled operations.
Abstract: A simplification scheme of probabilistic teleportation of two-particle state in a general form is given. By means of the primitive operations consisting of single-qubit gates, two-qubit controlled-not gates, Von Neumann measurement and classically controlled operations, we construct an efficient quantum logical network for implementing the new scheme of probabilistic teleportation of a two-particle state in a general form.
TL;DR: In this article, the existence of 2-periodic solutions of the second-order differential equation is examined. And it is proved that the given equation has at least one 2 -periodic solution provided that the zeros of the function $Sigma_1$ are simple.
Abstract: The existence of $2\\pi$ -periodic solutions of the second-order differential equation \\[ x''+f(x)x'+ax^+-bx^-+g(x)=p(t), \\qquad n\\in \\mathbb{N},\\] where $a, b$ satisfy $1/\\sqrt{a}+1/\\sqrt{b}=2/n$ and $p(t)=p(t+2\\pi)$ , $t\\in \\mathbb{R}$ , is examined. Assume that limits $\\lim_{x\\to\\pm\\infty}F(x)=F(\\pm\\infty)$ ( $F(x)=\\int_0^xf(u) du$ ) and $\\lim_{x\\to\\pm\\infty}g(x)=g(\\pm\\infty)$ exist and are finite. It is proved that the equation has at least one $2\\pi$ -periodic solution provided that the zeros of the function $\\Sigma_1$ are simple and the zeros of the functions $\\Sigma_1, \\Sigma_2$ are different and the signs of $\\Sigma_2$ at the zeros of $\\Sigma_1$ in $[0,2\\pi/n)$ do not change or change more than two times, where $\\Sigma_1$ and $\\Sigma_2$ are defined as follows: \\[\\Sigma_1(\\theta)=\\frac{n}{\\pi}\\left[\\frac{g(+\\infty)}{a}-\\frac{g(-\\infty)}{b} \\right]-\\frac {1}{2\\pi}\\int_0^{2\\pi}p(t)\\varphi(t+\\theta)\\,dt,\\qquad \\theta\\in [0, 2\\pi/n],\\] \\[\\Sigma_2(\\theta)=\\frac{n}{\\pi}[F(+\\infty)-F(-\\infty)]-\\frac{1}{2\\pi} \\int_0^{2\\pi}p(t)\\varphi'(t+\\theta)\\,dt, \\qquad\\theta\\in [0, 2\\pi/n].\\] Moreover, it is also proved that the given equation has at least one $2\\pi$ -periodic solution provided that the following conditions hold: \\begin{eqnarray*} -\\infty& with $1\\leq p .
TL;DR: In this paper, pyridine molecules were used as media, and hydrophobic C60 and C70 molecules were transported into gold hydrosols and adsorbed on the surface of gold nanoparticles, thus resulting in high quality surfa...
Abstract: Employing pyridine molecules as media, hydrophobic C60 and C70 molecules were transported into gold hydrosols and adsorbed on the surface of gold nanoparticles, thus resulting in high-quality surfa...
TL;DR: It is proved that the (C, δ;) means of any continuous function converge uniformly in the norm of C(Sd-1) if and only if δ > (d - 2)/2 + Σj=1d kj -- min1 ≤ j ≤ d kj.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the numerical scheme of elliptic equations by the finite element method and found that the scheme can keep a preserved symplectic structure in one-dimensional case and a preserved multisymplectic structure of the Euler-Lagrangian equation in two-dimensional cases.
TL;DR: Ecological analysis was used to evaluate over 2 yr of adult mosquito surveillance data from Citrus County, Florida to demonstrate a systematic approach to make better use of the abundance of surveillance data as a prerequisite to predict future mosquito population trends.
Abstract: Ecological analysis was used to evaluate over 2 yr of adult mosquito surveillance data from Citrus County, Florida. The analysis was intended to demonstrate a systematic approach to make better use of the abundance of surveillance data as a prerequisite to predict future mosquito population trends. Twenty-eight mosquito species (157,600 individuals) were collected using a modified New Jersey light trap. Analysis of species dominance index revealed that the seven most dominant species comprised 84% of the total individuals captured. Three culicine mosquitoes, Culex quinquefasciatus, Cx. nigripalpus, and Cx. erraticus, showed recurring seasonal abundance peaks in July and August, while two anopheline species, Anopheles crucians and An. atropos, showed interannual abundance variability. The population of the salt-marsh mosquito, Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus, consistently peaked in June and July, while that of Oc. infirmatus peaked in September and July of 1999 and 2000, respectively. With 66% Oc. tae...
TL;DR: In this article, the existence of the smallest fullerene and bowl structures in the isomer of the bowl isomer was shown to be confirmed by using ab initio calculations of free energies, electron affinities, and vibrational progressions.
Abstract: Free energies, electron affinities, and vibrational progressions have been investigated for several competitive ${\mathrm{C}}_{20}$ isomers by using ab initio calculations. The dominant ${\mathrm{C}}_{20}$ species generated by vaporizing graphite is first clarified. It turns out to be the monocyclic ring, followed by the tadpoles (a short chain attached to a monocyclic ring), linear chain and bicyclic rings. On this basis, the two recently synthesized ${\mathrm{C}}_{20}$ isomers [Prinzbach et al., Nature (London) 407, 60 (2000)] may be exclusively attributed to the fullerene and bowl structures respectively in these competitive ${\mathrm{C}}_{20}$ isomers. Therefore, the existences of the smallest fullerene and ${\mathrm{C}}_{20}$ bowl isomer appear to be fully confirmed.
TL;DR: An O-convergence theory of fuzzy nets is built in L -topological spaces by means of neighborhoods of fuzzy points and can be used to characterize the closed set, open set, T 2 separation axiom and fuzzy compactness.
TL;DR: The experimental results demonstrate the validity of the new approach to the numerical reconstruction of wave fronts stored by in-line holography, which can achieve good reconstructed results in both unitary and nonunitary systems.
Abstract: A new approach to the numerical reconstruction of wave fronts stored by in-line holography is presented. The new algorithm can achieve good reconstructed results in both unitary and nonunitary systems. The influences of recording distance and noise as well as of digitalization errors on the quality of reconstruction are numerically investigated. The experimental results demonstrate the validity of this new approach.
TL;DR: In this paper, the separability and entanglement of quantum mixed states in C{sup 2}(multiply-in-circle sign)C{sup 3}(multi-scale in circle sign) and C {sup N} composite quantum systems are investigated.
Abstract: The separability and entanglement of quantum mixed states in C{sup 2}(multiply-in-circle sign)C{sup 3}(multiply-in-circle sign)C{sup N} composite quantum systems are investigated. It is shown that all quantum states {rho} with positive partial transposes and rank r({rho}){<=}N are separable.
16 Jun 2003
TL;DR: This paper gives the analytical solutions to one of the basic merge patterns used to solve a c-tree: the 3A3D general Stewart platform, which is to determine the position of a rigid body relative to another rigid body when the authors know three angular and three distance constraints between the two rigid bodies.
Abstract: This paper has two parts. First, we propose a method which can be used to decompose a geometric constraint graph into a c-tree. With this decomposition, solving for a well-constrained problem is reduced to the solving for smaller rigid bodies if possible. Second, we give the analytical solutions to one of the basic merge patterns used to solve a c-tree: the 3A3D general Stewart platform, which is to determine the position of a rigid body relative to another rigid body when we know three angular and three distance constraints between the two rigid bodies.
TL;DR: In this paper, a lowest order finite difference scheme based on mixed finite element method for non-stationary natural convection problem was derived, where the numerical solution of velocity, pressure, and temperature can be found together, and a numerical example to simulate the close square cavity is given.
Abstract: The non-stationary natural convection problem is studied. A lowest order finite difference scheme based on mixed finite element method for non-stationary natural convection problem, by the spatial variations discreted with finite element method and time with finite difference scheme was derived, where the numerical solution of velocity, pressure, and temperature can be found together, and a numerical example to simulate the close square cavity is given, which is of practical importance.
TL;DR: This study tested Annett's right-shift theory on spatial ability with two samples from China and found using different methods to classify handedness leads to different conclusions, however, the effect of familial handedness was not found.
TL;DR: In this article, the properties of guide modes localized at the interfaces of photonic crystal (PC) heterostructures are investigated, which are composed of two semi-infinite two-dimensional PC consisting of non-circular air cylinders with different rotating angles embedded in a homogeneous host dielectric.
Abstract: We investigate the properties of guide modes localized at the interfaces of photonic crystal (PC) heterostructures which are composed of two semi-infinite two-dimensional PCs consisting of non-circular air cylinders with different rotating angles embedded in a homogeneous host dielectric. Photonic band gap structures are calculated with the use of the plane-wave expansion method in combination with a supercell technique. We consider various configurations, for instance, rectangular (square) lattice–rectangular (square) air cylinders, and different rotating angles of the cylinders in the lattices on either side of the interface of a heterostructure. We find that the absolute gap width and the number of guide modes strongly depend on geometric and physical parameters of the heterostructures. It is anticipated that the guide modes in such heterostructures can be engineered by adjusting parameters.
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TL;DR: Based on the multiplicative rule of Schubert classes obtained in [Du3], this paper presented an algorithm computing the product of two arbitrary SCHUbert classes and gave also a method to compute the integral cohomology ring of a flag manifold independent of the classical spectral sequence technique.
Abstract: Based on the multiplicative rule of Schubert classes obtained in [Du3], we present an algorithm computing the product of two arbitrary Schubert classes.
As a result, the algorithm gives also a method to compute the integral cohomology ring of a flag manifold independent of the classical spectral sequence technique due to Leray and Borel.