Fraunhofer Society

About: Fraunhofer Society is a government organization based out in Munich, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Laser & Silicon. The organization has 24736 authors who have published 40168 publications receiving 820894 citations.

JPEG Pleno: Toward an Efficient Representation of Visual Reality

Abstract: In discussing the rationale behind the vision for JPEG Pleno and how the new standardization initiative aims to reinvent the future of imaging, the authors review plenoptic representation and its underlying practical implications and challenges in implementing real-world applications with an enhanced quality of experience.

MIMO SAR Processing for Multichannel High-Resolution Wide-Swath Radars

Abstract: This paper addresses signal reconstruction for future multiple-input multiple-output synthetic aperture radars (SARs) equipped with a multichannel antenna to enable wide-area high-resolution imaging. To image large swaths without range ambiguities, these high-resolution wide-swath (HRWS) SAR systems use a low pulse repetition frequency (PRF). Such a PRF, however, causes the radar echoes received by each channel to be strongly aliased. By introducing new techniques, this paper extends the theory of multichannel signal processing for reconstructing the SAR signal from the aliased signals. The reconstruction performances of the proposed processing methods in terms of signal-to-noise ratio, resolution, point target ambiguity ratio, peak-to-sidelobe ratio, and signal-to-ambiguity-plus-noise ratio are investigated according to the PRF and compared with each other for an exemplary HRWS SAR system.

The economic impact of product line adoption and evolution

Abstract: An organization faces many challenging decisions when transitioning to product line development: What is the best way to adopt a product line approach? How can we avoid disrupting regular product development? Once adopted, how should we evolve the product line? The article discusses how to optimize a product line's economic benefits by considering the adoption context and using product line scoping techniques.

Are international co-publications an indicator for quality of scientific research?

Abstract: This article deals with the role of internationally co-authored papers (co-publications). Specifically, we compare, within a data-set of German research units, citation and co-publication indicators as a proxy for the unobserved quality dimension of scientific research. In that course we will also deal with the question whether both citations and co-publications are considerably related. Our results suggest that, although there is a strong partial correlation between citations and co-publications within a multivariate setting, we cannot use reasonably normalised co-publication indicators as an alternative proxy for quality. Thus, concerning quality assessment, there remains a primer on citation analysis.

The challenge of West Nile virus in Europe: knowledge gaps and research priorities

Abstract: West Nile virus (WNV) is continuously spreading across Europe, and other continents, i.e. North and South America and many other regions of the world. Despite the overall sporadic nature of outbreaks with cases of West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND) in Europe, the spillover events have increased and the virus has been introduced into new areas. The high genetic diversity of the virus, with remarkable phenotypic variation, and its endemic circulation in several countries, require an intensification of the integrated and multidisciplinary research efforts built under the 7th Framework Programme of the European Union (FP7). It is important to better clarify several aspects of WNV circulation in Europe, including its ecology, genomic diversity, pathogenicity, transmissibility, diagnosis and control options, under different environmental and socio-economic scenarios. Identifying WNV endemic as well as infection-free areas is becoming a need for the development of human vaccines and therapeutics and the application of blood and organs safety regulations. This review, produced as a joint initiative among European experts and based on analysis of 118 scientific papers published between 2004 and 2014, provides the state of knowledge on WNV and highlights the existing knowledge and research gaps that need to be addressed with high priority in Europe and neighbouring countries.