Hasanuddin University

About: Hasanuddin University is a education organization based out in Makassar, Indonesia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 5839 authors who have published 5267 publications receiving 25893 citations. The organization is also known as: Universitas Hasanuddin.

Increasing benthic dominance of the phototrophic sponge Lamellodysidea herbacea on a sedimented reef within the Coral Triangle

Abstract: Coral abundance on tropical reefs is declining due to climatic change and other direct anthropogenic impacts. The long-term consequences of coral ‘regime-shifts’ are not fully understood, but they are expected to impact ecosystem services (e.g., ecotourism and fisheries). Within the Wakatobi region of Indonesia a coral-to-sponge regime-shift has occurred on a sedimented reef (Sampela). The dominant sponge species, Lamellodysidea herbacea, is a phototrophic sponge that appears to be proliferating through effective sediment clearance mechanisms and rapid photoacclimation to turbid conditions. L. herbacea monitoring is required to determine whether this ecosystem is still transitioning, stable or whether the regime-shift is transient. This study (2013–2015) assessed the percentage cover and abundance of L. herbacea, along with the quantity of settled sediment, at Sampela, Pak Kasim’s (a nearby reef) and multiple reefs in the region. High growth rates for individual L. herbacea, but low recruitment rates were recorded at Sampela. Increases in the proportion of L. herbacea that decreased in areal coverage between sampling periods indicate short periods of positive growth, with this effect being greater in deeper, more sedimented zones. The percentage cover and abundance of L. herbacea, and the quantity of settled sediment, was low at all surrounding reefs and remained stable at Pak Kasim’s. However, the percentage cover of L. herbacea at Sampela was high and increased, in conjunction with a stable, comparatively high quantity of settled sediment. These results are the first to document a reef in the process of transitioning towards greater sponge dominance and indicate that efforts to reverse this regime-shift would likely require a reduced level of sedimentation.

Strengthening Institutional Model of Women-Farmers Group in Developing Household Food Diversification

Abstract: The research objectives are (1) examining food diversification and household food security levels in the Women-Farmers Group (KWT) in rural areas and (2) analyzing the existing empowerment model of KWT and developing an alternative model of KWT based on potency. The research was conducted in Bulukumba and North Luwu Regencies, South Sulawesi, Indonesia by taking unit of analysis at household of KWT level. The findings of the research include: diversification of household food consumption in KWT in both districts is still a relatively “less diverse”; except for vegetable consumption can be said to be “quite diverse”. This is caused by the diversification program through P2KP movement and yard use activities. Generally, food diversification scores obtained KWT classified as “food insecure” (mean score = 4). The needs potential based of KWT include: an increase in group training programs; economic enterprises development and understanding on food diversification. The alternative models of KWT based on potency, needs and experiences of KWT members include (1) model of institutional support (assistance, facilities, promotion and learning process) and (2) model of human resources capacity of group members include: appropriate training and development of leadership potency to increase capability in recognizing and solving problems of food diversification and understanding on nutrition and food.

Epidemiological Study on the Current Status of Rice Tungro Disease in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Abstract: Integrated management of Rice Tungro Disease (RTD) by combining the appropriate planting time and cultivar rotation has successfully controlled the disease in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. By the early 1990’s, about 10 years after the management was implemented, tungro disease incidence was so low that the integrated management was no longer strictly implemented and eventually abandoned. Surprisingly however, the tungro incidence steadily decreases in the area ever since. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to elucidate why the rice tungro disease incidence decreases even when the integrated management is no longer in place. A series of studies was conducted to determine the adaptability of rice Green Leafhopper (GLH), Nephotettix virescens, colonies on different cultivars with different resistance genes against the leafhopper, tungro transmission efficiency in laboratory and in field and tungro viruses (RTBV and RTSV) detection in weeds. The results indicated that all GLH colonies had adapted to all cultivars carrying different GLH resistance genes. For each colony, there were no significant differences between the resistant cultivars and TN-1 (no GLH resistance gene) in: (1) Percent of first instars developing to the second instar nymphs, (2) nymphal development indices, (3) tungro virus transmission efficiency and (4) GLH populations. The PCR results showed that none of the weeds tested contained the rice tungro viruses. Therefore, the study results suggested that the lack of rice tungro inoculums in the weeds was the main reason why tungro incidence decreases from time to time. However, if the rice tungro viruses are reintroduced to the region, the RTD can become devastating because the GLH colonies have already adapted to all available resistance genes. Further studies should be conducted to find and incorporate new resistance genes into commercial cultivars.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in managing systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury following hand replantation and long-term outcomes: A report of two cases.

Abstract: Introduction Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (IRI) is a complication following the reperfusion of ischemic tissues; it requires immediate treatment, as it can lead to severe infection and tissue death. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the ability of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) to treat SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome) caused by IRI and to provide long-term functional assessment for a period of up to 5 years. Case presentation Two cases of avulsions of the hand at the levels of the wrist joint and the medial third forearm, severed by machetes. Both patients were male and in their twenties. Hand replantation was carried out after 30 minutes (medial third forearm case) and 11 hours (wrist joint case) of ischemic time. A couple of days after surgery, both patients experienced SIRS as a result of IRI. The patients were brought to the hyperbaric chamber and received 3 consecutive 90-min sessions of HBOT at 2.4 ATA 3 days in a row. The outcomes were compared in a table with each patient's vital signs and laboratory results, both before and after HBOT. A significant improvement was seen at the follow-ups in vital signs and laboratory results for both patients after HBOT administration. Long-term follow-up also showed satisfying results for hand function, proven by low DASH (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand) scores. Conclusion HBOT was able to treat SIRS in both patients. Favorable long-term hand function results signify successful extremity replantation.

Production of the nanoparticles using leaf of Muntingia calabura L. as bioreductor and potential as a blood sugar nanosensor

Abstract: Research on the synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Muntingia calabura L. leaf extract as a bioreductor and its potential analysis as a blood sugar nanosensor has been done. The synthesis Au nanoparticles are characterized and applied as sensors to detect glucose. The results show that gold nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized with a maximum wavelength of 544 nm. The measurements with PSA show that the average size of the gold nanoparticles is 78.2 nm. The gold nanoparticle-based glucose sensor design has a measurement range of 1-4 mM with a regression is 0.9248, minimum detection limit of the sensor at a concentration of 0.1500 mM and a maximum detection limit is 4.1744 mM with sensitivity is 0.6837 A. mM−1.mm−2.