Medical University of Varna

About: Medical University of Varna is a education organization based out in Varna, Varna, Bulgaria. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 1199 authors who have published 1273 publications receiving 32940 citations. The organization is also known as: MU-Varna & Higher Medical Institute of Varna.

Persistent type II endoleak unrelated to an Anaconda aortic stent graft fulfilling the 3Bs requirements of biofunctionality, biodurability, and biocompatibility.

Abstract: A patient was fitted with an Anaconda stent graft for which there was a persistent type II endoleak. Two subsequent attempts at embolization were unable to resolve the endoleak. The diameter of the aneurysm varied initially from 5.5 cm in diameter down to 4.8 cm but then later re-dilated to 6.1 cm, with evidence of persistent flow into the aneurysmal sac from the inferior mesenteric artery. Results from serial computed tomography scans demonstrated clear evidence of a type II endoleak that originated from the inferior mesenteric artery with outflow to a distal lumbar artery. The harvested stent graft did not show evidence of a device-related failure. The stent graft and its modular segments were found to have been properly deployed. Only a thin external capsule was evident at explantation. The internal wall of the device showed irregular and thin encapsulation with scattered mural thrombi, which were more prominent at the bifurcation of the main body of the device. Blood deposits and tissue development were sufficient to prevent blood oozing through the wall. The explanted Anaconda stent graft was devoid of any construction flaws or damage (fatigue of the textile or corrosion of the Nitinol wires) after implantation.

Preauricular sinus: Incidence and inheritance

Abstract: Introduction: The preauricular sinus (PAuS) is a malformation of the auricula pinna. The structure may present isolated or as a component of a number of oto-renal syndromes. Aim: The aim of this study was to establish the incidence of PAuS in a Bulgarian cohort and propose a model for its inheritance, based on the transgenerational mechanisms derived from the genealogic trees of interviewed individuals. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 healthy individuals were prospectively evaluated for the presence of a PAuS on a random cohort sampling principle. A descriptive statistical approach was used when categorizing the individual features. Individuals were also assessed in terms of their genealogies and presence of renal symptoms. Results: Of all assessed individuals, 3% (n=3) had a structure complying with the criteria for a PAuS. No one having the structure reported renal symptoms. The genealogical trees were characteristic of a dominant trait with incomplete penetrance. Conclusion: The incidence of PAuS in our study cohort is similar to that of other Caucasian cohorts and gives a rare modern glimpse into the transgenerational inheritance of the PAuS, together with data on the oto-nephrological syndromes.

Applications Of The Methods Of Image Diagnosis In Obstructive Sleepapnea

Abstract: Modern methods of imaging diagnosis play more and more important role in severe sleep breathing disorders and of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) itself. They could be classified in three main groups: x-ray, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnosis. In dental medicine, the following x-ray methods are most commonly used: intraoral x-ray examinations of the teeth, jaws and temporomandibular joints as well as cephalometry. Tri-dimensional and conventional panoramic tomography, dynamic tridimensional CT, multislice CT, cone-beam CT, volumetric tridimensional CT reconstruction and electric impendance tomography are more and more widely applied. The MRI is accomplished by a variety of refinements such as cine magnetic, dynamic, diffusion torsional, functional, etc. as well as in combination with CT and positron emission tomography.

A suggestive neurotrophic potential of mast cells in heart and submandibular glands of the rat

Abstract: According to the neurotrophic theory, the nerve growth factor (NGF) is widely distributed in the effector tissues of peripheral sympathetic and sensory neurons, suggesting that the density of innervation is controlled by effector derived NGF. Sympathetic neurons require access to NGF for survival throughout life, whereas sensory neurons are dependent on NGF only during restricted period of embryonic development. This development-related feature of sympathetic neurons suggests that they crucially depend on plasticity of NGF biology, including secretion, availability, and utilization, to maintain appropriate neuronal function in adult life, and even in old age. While most previous studies on the cellular source of NGF have focused on neuronal and nonneuronal effector cells, it was recently demonstrated that NGF secretion is not only restricted to cells receiving a direct innervation. Immune cells, including mast cells (MC), lymphocytes and macrophages, for example, produce and release NGF as well as NGF secretion-inducing cytokines. Likewise, since the first evidence that NGF treatment causes a significant increase in the number and size of MC has been published by Aloe and Levi-Montalcini in 1977, it has been repeatedly shown that these cells are also NGF-responsive cells, thus providing further evidence for a widely investigated MC-nerve interaction. Further on this trophobiological line, a positive correlation of the amount of NGF and expression of NGF mRNA with the density of sympathetic innervation was demonstrated in a variety of organs. In the rat heart, one such example, the atrium contains a higher amount of NGF corresponding to a denser sympathetic nerve supply compared to the ventricle. Such a correlation was also revealed in the submandibular glands (SMG) and iris. Likewise, the density of MC in the ankle joint capsule, which is heavily innervated, is greater than in the capsule of the knee, which is less densely innervated, and the MC number in the synovial joint of spontaneously hypertensive rats, which have increased sympathetic nerve supply, is significantly greater than in normotensive rats. A summing-up of the above mentioned data shows that (i) MC are NGF secreting/responsive cells and frequently colocalized with nerves, and (ii) a higher NGF amount correlates with a denser sympathetic innervation of a tissue . This, in our eyes, brings into question the sole contribution of the "classical" effector cells to neurotrophic support of sympathetic nerve-innervated tissues. Consequently, we suggest that MC, through their own and/or cytokine-induced NGF secretion, may also be implicated in the neurotrophic potential in these tissues. Biomedical Reviews 1998; 9: 143-145.

A Software Module for Generating a Synthetic Model of the Breast from an X-Ray Image

Abstract: The main goal of this paper is to create a methodology for generation of synthetic 3D model from a digitalized x-ray photo. Three-dimensional perspective gives more detailed and sophisticated in depth for analyzing different irregular lesions. In this research, the application is for detection and analysis in mammography realism.