Institution
Pennsylvania State University
Education•State College, Pennsylvania, United States•
About: Pennsylvania State University is a education organization based out in State College, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 79763 authors who have published 196876 publications receiving 8318601 citations. The organization is also known as: Penn State & PSU.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Dielectric, Context (language use), Galaxy
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a framework for studying the concepts of fit and flexibility in the field of strategic human resource management (HRM), focusing on HRM practices, employee skills, and employee behaviors, and review past conceptual and empirical work within that framework.
Abstract: In this article we present a framework for studying the concepts of fit and flexibility in the field of strategic human resource management (HRM), focusing on HRM practices, employee skills, and employee behaviors, and review past conceptual and empirical work within that framework. We present a model of strategic HRM and use this model to explore the concepts of fit and flexibility as they apply to strategic HRM. After applying the concepts of resource and coordination flexibility to strategic HRM, we discuss the implications of the framework for both the practice of and research on strategic HRM.
1,020 citations
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TL;DR: Part A of the OARS Multidimensional Functional Assessment Questionnaire permits assessment of individuals' functioning on each of five dimensions, the detailed information in each area being summarized on a 6-point rating scale by a rater.
Abstract: This report outlines the development, validity, and reliability of Part A of the OARS Multidimensional Functional Assessment Questionnaire. Part A permits assessment of individuals' functioning on each of five dimensions (social, economic, mental health, physical health and self-care capacity), the detailed information in each area being summarized on a 6-point rating scale by a rater. Content and consensual validity were ensured by the manner of construction. Information on criterion validity was obtained for all dimensions except social. The criterion used and their associated Kendall's Tau values were: an objective economic scale (.62); ratings based on personal interviews by geropsychiatrists (.60); physician's associates (.82); and physical therapists (.89). For 11 geographically dispersed raters from research and clinic settings, intraclass correlational coefficients, based on 30 subjects, ranged from .66 on physical health to .87 in self-care capacity; 74% of the ratings were in complete agreement, 24% differed by one point.
1,018 citations
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Pennsylvania State University1, Harvard University2, Winthrop-University Hospital3, Stony Brook University4, Cornell University5, Ohio State University6, Loyola University Chicago7, Creighton University8, University of California, San Diego9, Queen's University10, Memorial University of Newfoundland11, Yale University12, Maine Medical Center13, Rutgers University14
TL;DR: Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in North America has been overestimated; the data show that almost all individuals in this population meet their RDA for vitamin D.
Abstract: This report summarizes the findings of the 2011 Institute of Medicine Committee on dietary intake requirements for calcium and vitamin D in North America, and provides updated data from the previous Institute of Medicine report of 1997. The Committee extensively reviewed existing published evidence on dietary and supplemental intake requirements for calcium and vitamin D with respect to both skeletal health and extraskeletal chronic disease outcomes. Calcium and vitamin D intake requirements were examined for several risk indictors of bone and skeletal health as well as extraskeletal outcomes (including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and autoimmune disorders, infectious diseases, neuropsychological function, and disorders of pregnancy). Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) was defined as the level of intake of calcium or serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D that would meet the requirements of at least 97.5% of the population. The available scientific data supported an important role for calcium and vitamin D in bone and skeletal health outcomes that was consistent with a cause-and-effect relationship. However, data from randomized clinical trials for extraskeletal health outcomes were limited and inconclusive regarding a possible relationship with calcium and vitamin D intake requirements, and no evidence was found for dose-response or other established criteria for cause-and-effect. For bone health outcome, RDAs of calcium ranged from 700 to 1300 mg/d for life-stage groups at ≥1 year of age, and RDAs of vitamin D were 600 IU/d for ages 1 to 70 years and 800 IU/d for ages ≥71 (corresponding to a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level of at least 20 ng/mL [50 nmol/L]). There was an assumption of minimal or no sun exposure for estimation of RDA levels because of the wide variation in vitamin D synthesis from ultraviolet light and concern over risk of skin cancer. No consistent evidence was found that dietary or supplemental intake of vitamin D levels above the RDA provides additional benefit for bone health or extraskeletal outcomes; several investigators have found an U-shaped curve for several outcomes related to vitamin D intake, with increased risks at both low and high levels. The findings of this report suggest that prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in North America has been overestimated. The data show that almost all individuals in this population meet their RDA for vitamin D.
1,017 citations
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1,016 citations
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TL;DR: In this program, various methods for estimating evolutionary distances from nucleotide and amino acid sequence data, three different methods of phylogenetic inference (UPGMA, neighbor-joining and maximum parsimony) and two statistical tests of topological differences are included.
Abstract: A computer program package called MEGA has been developed for estimating evolutionary distances, reconstructing phylogenetic trees and computing basic statistical quantities from molecular data. It is written in C++ and is intended to be used on IBM and IBM-compatible personal computers. In this program, various methods for estimating evolutionary distances from nucleotide and amino acid sequence data, three different methods of phylogenetic inference (UPGMA, neighbor-joining and maximum parsimony) and two statistical tests of topological differences are included. For the maximum parsimony method, new algorithms of branch-and-bound and heuristic searches are implemented. In addition, MEGA computes statistical quantities such as nucleotide and amino acid frequencies, transition/transversion biases, codon frequencies (codon usage tables), and the number of variable sites in specified segments in nucleotide and amino acid sequences. Advanced on-screen sequence data and phylogenetic-tree editors facilitate publication-quality outputs with a wide range of printers. Integrated and interactive designs, on-line context-sensitive helps, and a text-file editor make MEGA easy to use.
1,016 citations
Authors
Showing all 80524 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Robert Langer | 281 | 2324 | 326306 |
Zhong Lin Wang | 245 | 2529 | 259003 |
Donald P. Schneider | 242 | 1622 | 263641 |
David J. Hunter | 213 | 1836 | 207050 |
Robert M. Califf | 196 | 1561 | 167961 |
Martin White | 196 | 2038 | 232387 |
Eric J. Topol | 193 | 1373 | 151025 |
Charles A. Dinarello | 190 | 1058 | 139668 |
Jing Wang | 184 | 4046 | 202769 |
Dennis S. Charney | 179 | 802 | 122408 |
David Haussler | 172 | 488 | 224960 |
Chad A. Mirkin | 164 | 1078 | 134254 |
Ian A. Wilson | 158 | 971 | 98221 |
David Cella | 156 | 1258 | 106402 |
Jay Hauser | 155 | 2145 | 132683 |