Universidad Manuela Beltrán

About: Universidad Manuela Beltrán is a education organization based out in Bogotá, Colombia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Body mass index. The organization has 690 authors who have published 611 publications receiving 2526 citations.

Análisis de la mortalidad materna desde los determinantes sociales en los países de latinoamérica y el caribe

Abstract: La mortalidad materna se ha convertido en una problematica de la salud de diferentes paises, principalmente de los de Latinoamerica y el Caribe, dado su alta incidencia. Por esta razon, su reduccion fue considerada como el quinto objetivo del milenio en materia de salud planteado por la Organizacion Mundial de Salud. Las investigaciones realizadas reportan que la mortalidad materna se redujo en un 28% desde 1990, sin embargo esta reduccion es aun insuficiente para lograr la meta planteada para el 2015. A partir de ello, se busco analizar desde losdeterminantes sociales las causas y factores asociados a la mortalidad materna en los paises de Latinoamerica y el Caribe. Para esto, se planteo una revision sistematica clasica en cinco bases de datos y se evaluo la calidad de la evidencia por medio de la escala SIGN. Se incluyeron estudios originales sobre las causas y factores que conllevana la mortalidad materna en los paises de Latinoamerica y el Caribe. Se encontraron 999 articulos, de estos diez cumplieron los criterios de inclusion, en los cuales se evidencio que los trastornos hipertensivos corresponden a la primera causa de muerte materna y le siguen las hemorragias obstetricas. Los estudios se quedan cortos en el analisiscontextual y aunque algunos de ellos presentan una aproximacion a los determinantes sociales no los refieren explicitamente, por lo cual no han sido cuantificados, y esto hace que la reflexion se quede en un nivel teorico y no se materialice en escenarios especificos, por lo cual se hace necesario desarrollar investigaciones en este sentido.

Importancia de la educación ambiental en la gestión del riesgo socio-natural en cinco países de América Latina y el Caribe

Abstract: Considering environmental education as a social tool allowing individuals to achieve a significant knowledge of the inhabited environment, to reduce the probability of occurrence of a disaster, and to respond to the presence of natural phenomena to which people are vulnerable, this article aims to generate a space for reflection on the importance of environmental education in the management of the social and natural risk in five countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. For this purpose, the paper presents a descriptive review of primary and secondary bibliographical sources referring to the performance of the management of social and natural risks related to environmental education in Colombia, Nicaragua, Mexico, Chile, and Jamaica between 1994 and 2015. In this period, a solid administrative and legislative organization of this management and environmental education is evident, but these two themes are clearly separated when implementing citizen projects: a situation that has generated shortcomings in the management of natural disasters, specifically under the principles of precaution and prevention. For this reason, this article offers a series of recommendations that include the dissemination of information, the creation of centers for the management of risk reduction, the strengthening of communication strategies, and the establishment of response plans and post-disaster recovery.

State Estimation of a Dehydration Process by Interval Analysis

Abstract: This article presents a general methodology of state estimation by interval analysis in a dynamic system modeled by difference equations. The methodology is applied to a pineapple osmotic dehydration process, in order to predict the behavior of the process within a range of allowed perturbation. The paper presents simulations and validations.

The assessment of pharmacoeconomic studies quality of Levodopa's use for the management of Parkinson's diseases, 2010-2015

Abstract: Levodopa (LD) has been the first choice in the management of Parkinson’s disease(PD), since its introduction in the drug market; however, its prolonged use is related tothe occurrence of motor complications, affecting the functionality and quality of life.Parkinson’s disease is one of the most frequent among the neurodegenerative diseasesin the world, and it is expected that the number of people who suffer it, will increasedue to global population aging. The PD represents, nowadays and for the future, ahigh economic burden from all perspectives, including patients, payers, and society.So it is necessary to know about the use of LD in its treatment and to realize thequality of pharmacoeconomic studies in the past five years, to identify reliable sourcesof information related to the costs and benefits of this medication to contribute inmaking decisions. The aim of this paper is to assess the methodological quality ofpharmacoeconomic studies related to the use of LD in PD, specifically those that areidentified as cost-utility studies, applying the QHES instrument. A total of 19 articleswere found, of which 5 met the inclusion criteria and were subjected to examination.The average overall score obtained after the evaluation was 77.2 out of 100, makingevident a good quality of studies according to the method used.

A New Species of Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Eastern Slope of the Cordillera Oriental, Arauca, Colombia

Abstract: We describe a new species of Pristimantis from one of the most isolated regions of Colombia, at elevations of 700–800 m in the Tame River basin at the eastern slope of the Cordillera Oriental in Colombia (Department of Arauca). This locality has been in the grasp of guerrilla groups and right-wing paramilitaries, and as a consequence, this region has been historically inaccessible or risky for researchers. The new species is a diurnal forest dweller, similar to Pristimantis savagei and P. vilarsi. It is distinguished from its congeners by having finely shagreened dorsum skin, areolate ventral skin, moderate tympanic membrane size (length = 37.2–58.8% of eye length), long hind limbs (tibia length = 53.6–63.6% of snout–vent length), and an advertisement call composed of a short single note, while lacking ridges on scapula, tubercles on upper eyelid and heel, and basal webbing in toes. In addition to the new species described herein, we demonstrate that subarticular tubercles display more variation than what is commonly described in taxonomic studies of terraranan frogs.