University of Illinois at Chicago

About: University of Illinois at Chicago is a education organization based out in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 57071 authors who have published 110536 publications receiving 4264936 citations.

Identification of a Novel Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1-Responsive Gene, RTP801, Involved in Apoptosis

Abstract: Hypoxia is an important factor that elicits numerous physiological and pathological responses. One of the major gene expression programs triggered by hypoxia is mediated through hypoxia-responsive transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). Here, we report the identification and cloning of a novel HIF-1-responsive gene, designated RTP801. Its strong up-regulation by hypoxia was detected both in vitro and in vivo in an animal model of ischemic stroke. When induced from a tetracycline-repressible promoter, RTP801 protected MCF7 and PC12 cells from hypoxia in glucose-free medium and from H(2)O(2)-triggered apoptosis via a dramatic reduction in the generation of reactive oxygen species. However, expression of RTP801 appeared toxic for nondividing neuron-like PC12 cells and increased their sensitivity to ischemic injury and oxidative stress. Liposomal delivery of RTP801 cDNA to mouse lungs also resulted in massive cell death. Thus, the biological effect of RTP801 overexpression depends on the cell context and may be either protecting or detrimental for cells under conditions of oxidative or ischemic stresses. Altogether, the data suggest a complex type of involvement of RTP801 in the pathogenesis of ischemic diseases.

Post Quantum Cryptography

Abstract: Quantum computers will break today's most popular public-key cryptographic systems, including RSA, DSA, and ECDSA This book introduces the reader to the next generation of cryptographic algorithms, the systems that resist quantum-computer attacks: in particular, post-quantum public-key encryption systems and post-quantum public-key signature systems Leading experts have joined forces for the first time to explain the state of the art in quantum computing, hash-based cryptography, code-based cryptography, lattice-based cryptography, and multivariate cryptography Mathematical foundations and implementation issues are included This book is an essential resource for students and researchers who want to contribute to the field of post-quantum cryptography

Changing fertility rates in developed countries. The impact of labor market institutions

Abstract: During the last two decades fertility rates have decreased and have become positively correlated with female participation rates across OECD countries. I use a panel of 23 OECD nations to study how different labor market arrangements shaped these trends. High unemployment and unstable contracts, common in Southern Europe, depress fertility, particularly of younger women. To increase lifetime income though early skill-acquisition and minimize unemployment risk, young women postpone (or abandon) childbearing. Further, both a large share of public employment, by providing employment stability, and generous maternity benefits linked to previous employment, such as those in Scandinavia, boost fertility of the 25–29 and 30–34 year old women.

Roles of circadian rhythmicity and sleep in human glucose regulation

Abstract: I. Introduction II. Characteristics and Causal Mechanisms of 24-h Rhythms of Glucose Regulation in Normal Young Subjects A. 24-h variations in glucose tolerance B. Causal mechanisms III. Alterations of 24-h Rhythms of Glucose Regulation in Normal Aging A. Daytime variations in glucose tolerance B. Nighttime variations in glucose tolerance C. Respective roles of sleep and time of day D. Significance and clinical implications IV. Diurnal Variations of Glucose Regulation in Obesity A. Daytime variations in glucose tolerance B. Nighttime variations in glucose tolerance C. Significance and clinical implications V. Alterations in 24-h Rhythmicity of Glucose Regulation in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) A. Alterations in daytime variations in glucose tolerance B. Alterations in nighttime variations in glucose levels during fasting C. Significance and clinical implications VI. Alterations in 24-h Rhythmicity of Glucose Regulation in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) A. Alterations in dayt...