University of Illinois at Chicago

About: University of Illinois at Chicago is a education organization based out in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 57071 authors who have published 110536 publications receiving 4264936 citations.

Two Routes to Influence: Integrating Leader-Member Exchange and Social Network Perspectives

Abstract: We develop and test a model of the relational antecedents of members' influence in organizations that is based on an integration of leader-member exchange (LMX) and social network perspectives on individuals in organizations. We focus on how the relationships between LMX and members' centrality in the advice network and influence depend on two factors: the extent to which members share ties with their leaders in the organization's trust network, which we define as sponsorship, and the centrality of their leaders in the advice network. Our model seeks to explain how sponsorship and leaders' centrality shape the influence members gain by virtue of their LMX relationships and their centrality in advice networks. Longitudinal data gathered from two organizations, using survey and network measures, offer strong support for a nuanced model of the relational antecedents of influence. Both LMX and members' advice centrality are related to influence, but those relationships in turn depend on sponsorship and leader...

Selective fluorescent probes for live-cell monitoring of sulphide

Abstract: Aqueous sulphides, including hydrogen sulphide, have important roles in biological signalling and metabolic processes. Here we develop a selective sulphide-trapping strategy involving sulphide addition to an aldehyde; the resulting hemithioacetal undergoes a Michael addition with an adjacent unsaturated acrylate ester to form a thioacetal at neutral pH in aqueous solution. Employing this new strategy, two sulphide-selective fluorescent probes, SFP-1 and SFP-2, were synthesized on the basis of two different fluorophore templates. These probes exhibit an excellent fluorescence increase and an emission maximum shift (SFP-1) in response to Na(2)S and H(2)S in a high thiol background as found under physiological conditions. We show the utility of the probes for the selective detection of sulphides, and the capacity of our probes to monitor enzymatic H(2)S biogenesis and image free sulphide in living cells.

Geometry of the complex of curves II: Hierarchical structure

Abstract: This paper continues a geometric study of Harvey's Complex of Curves, whose ultimate goal is to apply the theory of hyperbolic spaces and groups to algorithmic questions for the Mapping Class Group and geometric properties of Kleinian representations. The authors' previous result that the complex is delta-hyperbolic was hard to apply because the complex is not locally finite; in this paper some tools are developed for overcoming this problem, and a combinatorial mechanism introduced which describes sequences of elementary moves in the graph of markings on a surface. These tools are applied to give a family of quasi-geodesic words in the Mapping Class Group, and a linear bound on the shortest word conjugating two conjugate pseudo-Anosov elements. A basic tool in the analysis is a family of subsurface projections, which are roughly analogous to closest-point projections to horoballs in classical hyperbolic space. These projections have a strong contraction property which makes it possible to tie together the geometry of the complex and that of the (infinite) subcomplexes that arise as links of vertices. The resulting layered structure of the complex is controlled by means of a combinatorial device called a hierarchy of geodesics, which is the central construction of the paper.

Rhodopsin mutations in autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa.

Abstract: DNA samples from 161 unrelated patients with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa were screened for point mutations in the rhodopsin gene by using the polymerase chain reaction and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Thirty-nine patients were found to carry 1 of 13 different point mutations at 12 amino acid positions. The presence or absence of the mutations correlated with the presence or absence of retinitis pigmentosa in 174 out of 179 individuals tested in 17 families. The mutations were absent from 118 control subjects with normal vision.