Showing papers in "American Journal of Preventive Medicine in 2009"

TL;DR: The diverse types of feasibility studies conducted in the field of cancer prevention, using a group of recently funded grants from the National Cancer Institute are described.

TL;DR: Neighborhood disparities in access to food are of great concern because of their potential to influence dietary intake and obesity and additional research is needed to address various limitations of current studies, identify effective policy actions, and evaluate intervention strategies designed to promote more equitable access to healthy foods.

TL;DR: This first comprehensive examination of built-environment measures demonstrates considerable progress over the past decade, showing diverse environmental variables available that use multiple modes of assessment.

TL;DR: It is suggested that SMS-delivered interventions have positive short-term behavioral outcomes and the quality of studies in this emerging field of research needs to improve to allow the full potential of this medium to be explored.

TL;DR: Evaluated relationships between exposure to childhood traumatic stressors and numerous negative health behaviors and outcomes, healthcare utilization, and overall health status inspired the question of whether these adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with premature death during adulthood.

TL;DR: It is found that some workplace physical activity interventions can improve both health and important worksite outcomes, and effects were variable for most outcomes, reflecting the diversity of primary studies.

TL;DR: These studies suggest that neighborhood environment is important for older adults' health and functioning.

TL;DR: A systematic review of the effectiveness of worksite nutrition and physical activity programs to promote healthy weight among employees is presented in this article, where a pooled effect estimate of 2.8 pounds (95% CI 4.6, 1.0) was found based on nine RCTs, and a decrease in BMI of 0.5 (95 % 0.8, 0.2) was reported based on six RCT studies.

TL;DR: Baseline global information on low fruit and vegetable consumption obtained in this study can help policymakers worldwide establish interventions for addressing the global chronic disease epidemic.

TL;DR: Most of the studies included in this review found that greater outlet density is associated with increased alcohol consumption and related harms, including medical harms, injury, crime, and violence.

TL;DR: Neighborhoods built to support physical activity have a strong potential to contribute to increased physical activity, and can now be defined as an international public health issue.

TL;DR: In this article, a comparison of the toxicant exposure associated with waterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoking was conducted. But the results showed that waterpipe use is associated with greater CO, similar nicotine, and dramatically more smoke exposure.

TL;DR: The findings indicate a possible causal pathway for the onset of obesity in females with PTSD symptoms, and need replication with regard to the pathophysiologic and behavioral mechanisms underlying this relationship.

TL;DR: Moderate-intensity walking appears approximately equal to at least 100 step x min(-1), however, step counts per minute is a poor proxy for METs, and so 100 steps per minute should be used only as a general physical activity promotion heuristic.

TL;DR: No single IPV screening tool had well-established psychometric properties and even the most common tools were evaluated in only a small number of studies, suggesting further testing and validation are critically needed.

TL;DR: The National Institute of Mental Health convened a meeting in October 2005 to review the literature on obesity, nutrition, and physical activity among those with mental disorders, and the findings of this meeting and subsequent update of the literature review are summarized here.

TL;DR: Robust measures of the food environment may strengthen research on the effects of the community-level food environment on individual dietary behavior, assist in the development and evaluation of interventions, and inform policymaking targeted at reducing the prevalence of obesity and improving diet.

TL;DR: This meta-analysis showed that there was convincing evidence that school-based interventions are effective, at least short-term, in reducing the prevalence of childhood obesity.

TL;DR: A comprehensive diabetes prevention model for training, intervention delivery, and support was shown to be successful and was effective in reducing diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk factors in this group of high-risk individuals.

TL;DR: A broad look is taken at where the science currently is with regard to how the food environment is measured, thoughts on what issues may benefit from more deliberate inspection, and directions for future work are taken.

TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic review was performed summarizing the research conducted to date regarding the effectiveness of after-school programs in increasing physical activity, and positive effect sizes were demonstrated for physical activity.

TL;DR: A broad, new definition of public health literacy is outlined, defined as the degree to which individuals and groups can obtain, process, understand, evaluate, and act on information needed to make public health decisions that benefit the community.

TL;DR: An historical overview of the contributions of the health, planning, and leisure studies fields to the development of contemporary measures of physical activity environments is provided.

TL;DR: There is little evidence for effectiveness of family involvement methods in programs for promoting physical activity in children, because of the heterogeneity of study design, study quality, and outcome measures used.

TL;DR: In the 2006-2007 National Survey of Primary Care Physicians' Recommendations and Practices for Breast, Cervical, Colorectal, and Lung Cancer Screening (cooperation rate=75%).

TL;DR: The available evidence for antismoking campaigns as a viable strategy for preventing youth smoking is strengthened, and exposure to the truth campaign is associated with a decreased risk of smoking initiation.

TL;DR: The use of single-session personalized-feedback interventions without therapeutic guidance appears to be a viable and probably cost-effective option for reducing problem drinking in student and general populations.

TL;DR: Key challenges to the accurate measurement of the food environment in rural areas include: defining the rural food environment while recognizing that market factors may be changing, and describing characteristics that may differentiate similar types of food stores and food-service places.

TL;DR: There were no significant differences among the arms in diet, physical activity, or weight change, and home-based interventions via mail, telephone, or Internet/e-mail may be more feasible and successful in this population.