Showing papers in "Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics in 2009"

TL;DR: There is increasing evidence that resveratrol exhibits pro-oxidant activity under certain experimental conditions, causing oxidative DNA damage that may lead to cell cycle arrest or apoptosis.

TL;DR: It is proven that combinational use of natural carotenoids resulted in significant suppression of liver cancer in patients of viral hepatitis with cirrhosis.

TL;DR: The norisoprenoids identified in wine with important sensory properties are: TCH (2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexanone), beta-damascenone, beta-ionone, vitispirane, actinidiol, TDN, and TPB.

TL;DR: Together, these processes act to maintain the number and quality of synaptic connections in the brain, a factor known to be essential for efficient LTP, synaptic plasticity and ultimately the efficient working of memory.

TL;DR: Emerging data implicate tyrosine nitration as a mediator of immune responses suggesting a novel biological function for this protein modification.

TL;DR: It is concluded that there is an overall shortage of supportive evidence for the "antioxidant hypothesis" as lycopene's major in vivo mechanism of action.

TL;DR: The results suggest that naringenin may produce an anti-inflammatory effect in LPS/IFN-gamma stimulated glial cells that may be due to its interaction with p38 signalling cascades and the STAT-1 transcription factor.

TL;DR: In this paper, the peroxiredoxin 2 (Prx2) was studied in a steady-state approach yielding an apparent K(M) of 2.4 microM for human thioredoxin and a very low K (M) for H2O2 (0.7 microM).

TL;DR: This review discusses the gene clusters and proteins involved in bacterial heme acquisition, transport and processing processes, with special focus on the heme-coordination, protein structures and mechanisms underlying he me-transport.

TL;DR: Progress made in the genetic engineering of carotenoids in tomato fruit is reviewed, highlighting the limiting regulatory mechanisms that have been observed experimentally and the predictability and efficiency of the present engineering strategies are questioned.

TL;DR: Proper understanding of the role of osmolytes in cell regulation should allow predicting the action of o smolytes on macromolecular interactions in stressed and crowded environments typical of cellular conditions.

TL;DR: It is plausible to assume that oxidative stress/damage measured frequently in blood after exercise or any other experimental intervention derives, at least in part, from the blood.

TL;DR: The deterioration in ETC supercomplexes may be an important underlying factor for both impaired mitochondrial function and loss of cardiac bioenergetics with age, and certain diseases display similar supercomplex destabilization as the results for aging.

TL;DR: Accumulated evidence suggests that the event that initiates capacitation is the efflux of cholesterol from the sperm plasma membrane (PM), and data is intended to highlight data from this and other laboratories on Ca(2+) signaling cascades that regulate sperm functions.

TL;DR: In the course of evolution of carotenogenesis from bacteria via cyanobacteria to plants, the simple situation of one enzyme for the entire reaction sequence from phytoene to all-trans lycopene changed to a more complex process.

TL;DR: Molecular modeling of MDA5 CTD/dsRNA complex suggests that MDA 5 CTD may recognize the first turn of blunt-ended dsRNA in a similar manner as LGP2, and the structure revealed a highly conserved fold similar to the structures of RIG-I and L GP2 CTDs.

TL;DR: It is reported for the first time that there may be a close correlation between carbohydrate-binding activity of ConA and its antiproliferative activity and it is demonstrated that ConA induces A375 cell death in a caspase-dependent manner as well as through a mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.

TL;DR: A novel role of AKR1B10 is proposed in controlling isoprenoid homeostasis that is important in cholesterol synthesis and cell proliferation through salvaging isopranoid alcohols, as well as its metabolic regulation by endogenous steroids.

TL;DR: The present paper provides a review of new structural carotenoids isolated from aquatic animals and higher plants by this group over the last five years.

TL;DR: This review discusses ketocarotenoid biosynthesis in general, and characteristics and functional properties of beta-carotene ketolases in particular and discusses strategies to efficiently convert beta- carotene to astaxanthin in transgenic plants.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided that oxidation/nitration of lipids results in the formation of novel signaling modulators of key lipid-metabolizing enzymes as well as the influence of physiological molecules and cell targets to redirect peroxynitrite reactivity.

TL;DR: It is found that p66Shc is a resident of mitochondria- and plasma membrane-associated membranes and that its level there depends on the age of animal, and that it significantly increased with age and resulted in higher free radical production and accumulation of damages caused by free radicals.

TL;DR: LA may have potential clinical applications for the treatment or prevention of hypertriglyceridemia and diabetic dyslipidemia, and the observation that mice lacking the enzyme sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase are protected from insulin resistance suggests the possibility that the regulation of TG synthesis be a target for therapy.

TL;DR: It is suggested that depletion of regulatory heme and formation of Abeta-heme peroxidase contribute to huAbeta's neurotoxicity in the early stages of AD.

TL;DR: The results suggest that cyclophilin D may play a role as a redox sensor in mitochondria of mammalian cells transmitting information on the redox environment to target proteins.

TL;DR: Findings support current recommendations to increase dietary intake of xanthophyll carotenoids in individuals at risk for macular degeneration and highlight a new potential mechanism for their protective effects-inhibition of A2E formation and oxidation in the eye.

TL;DR: CYP1D1 in zebrafish is a CYP1A-like gene that could have metabolic functions targeting endogenous compounds, and was identified at 9h post-fertilization than at later developmental times.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that repeated/chronic oxidative stress induces a senescence-like phenotype of the distribution of oxidized proteins as well as of lipofuscin, and that senescent cells contain less lysosomes not lip ofuscin-laden in comparison to young cells.

TL;DR: PDI overexpression increased Nox4 mRNA after AngII stimulus, although without parallel ROS increase, and PDI silencing decreased specifically Nox1 mRNA and protein, confirming that PDI may regulate Nox 1 at transcriptional level in VSMC, which further strengthen the role of PDI as novel NADPH oxidase regulator.

TL;DR: Oridonin induces L929 cell G(2)/M arrest and apoptosis, which is regulated by promoting ERK-p53 apoptotic pathway and suppressing PTK-mediated survival pathway.