Showing papers in "Clinical Biochemistry in 2015"

TL;DR: The concepts addressed in this review have important clinical implications, although more work needs to be done to understand how dietary factors affect the gut barrier and microbiota, and to comprehend how microbe-derived components may interfere with the host's metabolism contributing to NAFLD development.

TL;DR: The initial undertaking of the TF-CB was to address two key issues pertaining to implementing high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays in clinical practice: the 99th percentile upper reference limit (URL) and calculating serial change values in accord with the Universal Definition of AMI.

TL;DR: The present review describes the inherent features of dPCR that make it exceptionally robust in precise and sensitive quantification of CNAs and provides an insight into the types of potential clinical applications that have been developed by researchers to date.

TL;DR: The exogenous and endogenous DNases are more active in serum, the anticoagulant EDTA indirectly inhibits blood DNases, and consequently ccfDNA is protected from the blood's DNase preanalytical impact in EDTA-plasma.

TL;DR: Biomarkers represent an exciting potential complement or replacement for echocardiographic monitoring of chemotherapy related cardiac toxicity which may allow for earlier realization of the degree of cardiac damage occurring during treatment, creating the opportunity for more timely modulation of therapy.

TL;DR: This review highlights the controversial opinions regarding impact of circulating EMPs in major cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and summarizes the perspective implementation of theEMPs in risk stratification models.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that using ddPCR in combination with WGA DNA allows the detection with high sensitivity of cancer mutations in partially enriched CTC fractions.

TL;DR: It is concluded that BCT tubes can prevent lysis and cellular release of genomic DNA of blood samples from cancer patients when stored at room temperature, and could therefore be of benefit for blood specimen collections in clinical trials.

TL;DR: The small elevation of blood glucose levels in the prediabetic state may have a detectable influence on endothelial function as indicated by changes to 8-OHdG, indicating an increased DNA-damage and homocysteine release from endothelial cells.

TL;DR: Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) through the analysis of cell free (cf)DNA is revolutionizing prenatal screening for fetal aneuploidy, with effectiveness for the common autosomal trisomies far exceeds that of conventional screening.

TL;DR: Combined determination of circulating miR-196a and mi-196b levels produces excellent sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of patients with oral pre-cancer or oral cancer and in the prediction of potential malignancy.

TL;DR: Recombinant LCAT is being developed for the treatment of patients with LCAT deficiency, and has shown promising results in animal studies.

TL;DR: This is the first report showing higher markers of oxidative stress and lower antioxidant status in patients with multiple sclerosis in saliva, according to the authors' knowledge.

TL;DR: The extent of the elevation of cardiac markers at low renal function is highly variable but for hFABP and NTproBNP Cystatin C-based eGFR provides better predictions of the extent of elevation compared to the MDRD or CKD-EPI equations.

TL;DR: The diverse biological effects of NAC may make it a potential adjuvant or therapeutic target in the treatment of type-2 diabetes, with the ability to alleviate insulin resistance and to improve insulin sensitivity.

TL;DR: The lack of internationally accepted standardized methodologies and standard reference material has impeded screening and diagnosis of primary aldosteronism and the development of more accurate and sensitive methods by LC-MS/MS has improved the reliability of aldosterone and renin testing.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the alkali dilution method is suitable for the determination of Li, B, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb and Sr in whole blood and serum; Mo, Cd and Pb in wholeBlood; and Sb in serum by ICP-MS.

TL;DR: The results suggest that plasma microRNAs, miR-191-3p,MiR-455- 3p and miR -1281 may be used as potential diagnosis biomarkers for AAA.

TL;DR: The bias results obtained for the Siemens ADVIA Centaur assay and Roche ELECSYS assay were slightly lower than those for the DiaSorin LIAISON assay and the Abbott ARCHITECT assay, but all 25(OH)D assays demonstrated acceptable performance.

TL;DR: If ctDNA can be used to detect low volume cancerous states, it will have important applications in treatment stratification post-surgery/radical radiotherapy and may have a role in patient screening.

TL;DR: The results suggest that especially the C-triol is a biomarker for all three Niemann-Pick diseases.

TL;DR: The performance characteristics, as well as the primary tube sampling procedure for specimen analysis on the Vantera(®) Clinical Analyzer, suggest that the HDL-P assay is suitable for routine clinical applications.

TL;DR: The purpose of the review is to evaluate hs-cTn in patients with CKD for the diagnosis of AMI and for the prognostic significance of elevated levels in CKD patients without AMI, and to evaluate studies attempting to explain whether the source of cTn is from increased cardiac production versus decreased renal clearance.

TL;DR: A real-time quality control protocol using patient results with true error detection and without release of erroneous results is successfully developed and implemented.

TL;DR: The cross-reactivity of the 15 exogenous insulin preparations is highly variable in the assays used in clinical laboratories around the UK, and it is important that laboratories and clinicians are aware of the limitations of their local assays to avoid missing the important diagnosis of hypoglycaemia secondary to excessiveExogenous insulin.

TL;DR: The study shows that the combined use of CSF procalcitonin and lactate can reliably distinguish between PNBM and non-PNBM and can be included in the design of diagnostic approaches to circumvent the shortcomings of conventional methods.

TL;DR: A better knowledge of the relationship between TAC whole blood and intracellular concentrations and calcineurin activity appears necessary before planning clinical trials to evaluate their potential interest as predictive biomarkers.

TL;DR: The results of this study suggest that cytokines such as IL-1α, IL-4,IL-8, Il-10 and VEGF may play major roles in pathogenesis of CAD.

TL;DR: Significant OSAS is characterized by a distinct biomarker profile including high insulin before and high IL-6 after sleep, and when combined provided high diagnostic accuracy for severe OSAS.

TL;DR: Immune complexome analysis of serum is generally applicable to the study of the relationship between ICs and autoimmune diseases in animals and humans.