Showing papers in "Experimental Neurology in 1994"

TL;DR: Hypercholesterolemic rabbits may provide an animal model to study altered beta-APP metabolism leading to Alzheimer-like beta-amyloid accumulation xe03and extracellular deposition in brain.

TL;DR: The data indicate that A beta kills neurons by causing free radical production and increased [Ca2+]i, and APPSs can protect neurons against such free radical- and Ca(2+)-mediated injury.

TL;DR: The data point to the absence of an important function of apolipoprotein E-epsilon 3 or apoE2 in individuals who do not inherit these alleles as the genetically relevant metabolic factor, which has important implications for design of experiments directed toward understanding the relevant neuronal metabolism.

TL;DR: The regeneration of injured dorsal root axons into the adult spinal cord was possible after ensheathing glia transplantation, and the use of ens heathing cells as stimulators of axonal growth might be generalized to other central nervous system injuries.

TL;DR: Progesterone-treated rats were less impaired on a Morris water maze spatial navigation task and showed less neuronal degeneration 21 days after injury in the medial dorsal thalamic nucleus, a structure that has reciprocal connections with the contused area.

TL;DR: Comparing the temporal pattern of Wallerian degeneration in nerve fibers with segments extending through both the PNS and the CNS suggests that circulating macrophages have ready access to degenerating peripheral nerves, but are largely or completely excluded from degenerating CNS tracts.

TL;DR: The results indicate that genetically modified cell grafts are a useful model for studying trophic factor effects in the adult mammalian spinal cord, sensory neurites maintain robust NGF responsiveness into adulthood, and sprouting neurites can follow glial channels and become myelinated in theadult spinal cord.

TL;DR: Nerve crush, induced by any of the six methods tested, was similar and provides a reliable model of axonotmesis.

TL;DR: The data indicate that estrogen replacement can have significant effects on basal forebrain cholinergic function, and that some of these effects may be mediated by effects of estrogen replacement on the expression of NGF and NGF receptors.

TL;DR: Data suggest that the presence of the trkB receptor on the ependymal layer of the ventricle and its expression throughout the brain parenchyma represents a significant impediment to the adequate diffusion of ICV-injected BDNF into the brain for delivery to target neurons.

TL;DR: Findings provide evidence that GDNF is detectable using PCR in a number of nervous system structures and, in some areas,GDNF is expressed in more than one form.

TL;DR: A new injury device that produces consistent spinal cord contusion injuries (T8) in rats is used to compare the behavioral and histologic effects of methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS) administration with the 21-aminosteroid, U-74006F, and the TRH analogue, YM, at different trauma doses.

TL;DR: Observations suggest that members of the Jun and Fos IEG families may play a role in AD pathology.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the increased levels of cathepsins D, E, and B and the decrease inCathepsin L activity in brain regions of aged rats are related to both the neuronal degeneration and the reactivation of glial cells during the normal aging process of the brain.

TL;DR: Recorded intracellularly from pyramidal neurons in CA1, observations are consistent with the hypothesis that transient ischemia causes a fundamental change in the NMDA-activated ion channel such that Mg2+ is no longer able to block the response, resulting in increased entry of calcium into synaptic regions, which causes dendritic damage that progresses to neuronal cell death.

TL;DR: The results indicate that rhIL-1ra has potent neuroprotective properties against morphologic brain injury from hypoxia-ischemia, and may prove to be clinically useful in protecting against hypoxiogenic disorders.

TL;DR: Investigation of the roles played by enkephalin and GABA in mediating parkinsonian symptoms by injection the GABAA antagonist bicuculline and the broad spectrum opioid antagonist naloxone directly into the globus pallidus in the reserpine-treated rat model of parkinsonism results in interpretable findings.

TL;DR: Polymer-encapsulated PC12 cells, a dopaminergic cell line derived from a rat pheochromocytoma, were transplanted in five Macaca fascicularis monkeys which had been previously rendered hemiparkinsonian by a unilateral carotid injection.

TL;DR: Apolipoprotein E is localized where it may affect the biological expression of two characteristic AD pathological correlates: extracellular A beta deposition and intraneuronal tau metabolism and NFT formation.

TL;DR: Preliminary studies indicate that recombinant adenovirus is capable of mediating high level transgene expression to the brains of higher order mammals.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that, while NGFR expression is normal in the STZ-diabetic neuropathy model, the marked decrease in receptor saturation observed in diabetics may reflect low peripheral NGF levels, which in consequence leads to the apparent deprivation of neuronal NGF in diabetic rats.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine causes significantly greater reductions in striatal dopamine levels in C57/bl mice than in CD-1 mice, thus confirming a greater sensitivity of the C57 /bl mice to MPTP.

TL;DR: The results suggest that temperature-sensitive immortalized neural cells may be genetically engineered successfully to improve their efficacy for the treatment of parkinsonism and a change in L-DOPA production, as opposed to growth factor production or other factors, is likely to account for the observed improvement.

TL;DR: The results indicate that baseline GFAP staining density in naive animals is dependent on NMDA receptor activity and that an ongoing NMDA-dependent signal is, at least in part, responsible for the increase in GFAP observed following peripheral nerve injury.

TL;DR: NT-4/5 and BDNF can elevate the turnover of dopamine through both metabolic and release pools and augment the behavioral response to d-amphetamine, and may have implications for understanding the etiology or treatment of basal ganglia disorders.

TL;DR: It is hypothesized that the elevation of NGF in trauma induces upregulation of enzymes which suppress free-radical formation after injury, and this role in response to injury may be other than as a target-derived growth substance.

TL;DR: Clear sex differences in striatal dopamine turnover and concentrations under conditions of equal hormonal status are demonstrated and estrogen can exert substantial effects on Striatal dopamine metabolism by acting specifically in females to increase neuronal dopamine synthesis and release without depleting dopamine content are indicated.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that axonal injury analogous to that seen in the mildest form of DAI (grade I) can be produced in these animals without producing prolonged coma.

TL;DR: Results indicate that apoptosis is a normal part of VM graft development and may function to eliminate cells that fail to connect to appropriate targets in naturally developing neural systems.

TL;DR: It is indicated that, after injuries of peripheral nerves, all types of nerve fibers are able to regenerate in the mouse, although small size fibers allow for a higher degree of functional recovery than large myelinated fibers (skeletomotor and sensory).