Showing papers in "Journal of Biological Chemistry in 2014"

TL;DR: The results indicate that serum-derived exosomes can be used to determine genomic DNA mutations for cancer prediction, treatment, and therapy resistance.

TL;DR: It is reported that GLUT1 (SLC2A1) is the primary rate-limiting glucose transporter on proinflammatory-polarized MΦs, which may play an integral role in the promotion of obesity-associated insulin resistance.

TL;DR: Major processes including proliferation, differentiation, tissue repair, inflammation, circadian rhythm, and aging use this low molecular weight oxygen metabolite as signaling compound, making this reactive oxygen species essential for poising the set point of the redox proteome.

TL;DR: The results show the pathway of exosome internalization and demonstrate that tumor cell-derived exosomes regulate target gene expression in normal cells.

TL;DR: In this review, the diverse nature, structural characteristics, and signaling pathways elicited by DAMPs will be critically evaluated.

TL;DR: Current understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in these four efflux pathways for exporting free cholesterol to apolipoprotein A-I promoted by ABCA1 is presented in this minireview.

TL;DR: Bacterial and human PDCs are compared, as they represent the two major classes of the superfamily of 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complexes with different assembly of, and interactions among components.

TL;DR: Key molecular aspects of these eosinophil-derived granule proteins in terms of structure-function relationships are reviewed to advance understanding of their roles in eos inophil cell biology, molecular biology, and immunobiology in health and disease.

TL;DR: This work suggests that CRISPR/Cas9 is a robust system to produce a spectrum of genomic deletions to allow investigation of genes and genetic elements.

TL;DR: The metal binding preferences of most metalloproteins do not match their metal requirements, and metallation of an estimated 30% of metalloenzymes is aided by metal delivery systems, with ∼25% acquiring preassembled metal cofactors.

TL;DR: This study provides unequivocal evidence for C4 oxidation of the nonreducing end sugar and demonstrates a novel LPMO substrate specificity.

TL;DR: The observed rates of H2O2 production over a range of different NAD(P)H reduction levels in isolated skeletal muscle mitochondria under conditions that favored superoxide/H2 O2 production from complex I, the OG DH complex, the BCKDH complex, or the PDH complex were compared.

TL;DR: It is clear that MRP1 serves a broader role than simply mediating the ATP-dependent efflux of drugs from cells, and is a multitasking transporter that likely influences the etiology and progression of a host of human diseases.

TL;DR: A new mechanism of modulation of RAC1 inflammatory pathway is demonstrated through a cross-talk between NF-κB and NRF2, the master regulator of the anti-oxidant response.

TL;DR: Intervention in ER stress and modulating signaling components of the UPR would provide promising therapeutics for the treatment of human metabolic diseases.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that intracerebrally administered exosomes can act as potent scavengers for Aβ by carrying it on the exosome surface GSLs and suggest a role ofExosomes in Aβ clearance in the central nervous system.

TL;DR: Key characteristics of LPMO action on the cellulose surface are revealed and the effects of substrate morphology on the synergy between L PMO and hydrolytic enzymes in cellulose depolymerization are suggested.

TL;DR: The role of pericytes should be considered as active players in the inflammatory cascade with potential physiopathological implications after identification of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) as one of the most abundant RNA species inpericytes with respect to MSCs and confirmation of TLR4 expression on the cell surface.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided for a critical role for the Piezo1 channel, a newly identified mechanosensory molecule, in the mouse bladder urothelium and results suggest that inhibition ofPiezo1 might provide a promising means of treating bladder dysfunction.

TL;DR: The results suggest that soluble prefibrillar αSyn oligomers recapitulate several mitochondrial phenotypes previously observed in animal and cell models of PD: complex I dysfunction, altered membrane potential, disrupted Ca2+ homeostasis, and enhanced cytochrome c release.

TL;DR: Cisplatin resistance is correlated with autophagy induction in a panel of ovarian cancer cells but not in immortalized human ovarian surface epithelial cells, and the data indicate that ERK-mediated Autophagy can lead to cisPlatin resistance and suggest that cisplatin resistant cells can be overcome by inhibition of autophagic.

TL;DR: In an attempt to correlate the in vivo findings to previously used in vitro models, it is determined that siRNA knockdown or the absence of TSPO in different mouse and human steroidogenic cell lines had no effect on steroidogenesis.

TL;DR: Enhanced kinetic stability of Candida antarctica lipase B is demonstrated by mutating the structurally flexible residues within the active site by enhancing the rigidity of the flexible segment within theactive site to provide an efficient method for improving enzyme kinetic stability.

TL;DR: 3,4-methylenedioxy-β-nitrostyrene (MNS) is identified as an inhibitor for NLRP3 inflammasome activation and it is found that the nitrovinyl group of MNS is essential for the inhibitory activity of M NS.

TL;DR: How O-GlcNAc may link cerebral glucose hypometabolism to progression of AD and data regarding the protective role of O- GlcNAcylation in AD models are reviewed.

TL;DR: It is shown for the first time that NF-κB RelA is a critical component regulating the expression of AhR and the induction ofAhR-dependent gene expression in immune cells illustrating the interaction of Ahr and NF-σκB signaling.

TL;DR: It is shown that IL-6 trans signaling is important and that the effect is dependent on STAT3; however, the effect are indirect and mediated through enhanced TGF-β signaling and the classic downstream cellular mediator Smad3.

TL;DR: This study provides an unprecedented relevant understanding of the molecular basis of human Fc interaction with human F cRn and explains various structural mechanisms by which several Fc mutations result in increased human IgG binding to FcRn.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the transcriptional regulators TAZ and YAP (TAZ/YAP), key effectors of the Hippo pathway, are necessary to promote and maintain TGFβ-induced tumorigenic phenotypes in breast cancer cells.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that, in addition to sulfite, glutathione functions as a persulfide acceptor for human SQR and that rhodanese preferentially synthesizes rather than utilizes thiosulfate.