Showing papers in "Virus Research in 2019"

TL;DR: Investigating the antiviral activity of Sambucus Formosana Nakai stem ethanol extract and some phenolic acid constituents revealed that caffeic acid could be the vital component with anti-HCoV-NL63 activity, and the finding could be helpful for developing antivirals against HCoVs.

TL;DR: African swine fever virus replicates predominanly in macrophages or monocytes, and genes coding for these inhibitory proteins provide targets to delete to construct rationally attenuated vaccine strains.

TL;DR: The aim of this review is to compile and discuss the earlier as well as the most recent research data on the transmission of LSDV, which suggests that the ubiquitous, synanthropic house fly, Musca domestica, may also play a role in LSDV transmission.

TL;DR: The rapid spread of the disease shows that current control and eradication measures are clearly insufficient to control the current pandemic situation, and the development of a vaccine is urgently required.

TL;DR: This review provides guidance for an accurate interpretation of ASF diagnostic results linked to the different clinical presentations ranging from per-acute to chronic disease, including apparently asymptomatic infections.

TL;DR: The presented review targets the knowledge gained over the last five years with regard to ASF pathogenesis in the broader sense but with a focus on the pandemic genotype II strains and is designed as an update and supplement to existing review articles on the same topic.

TL;DR: In this review, recent efforts to find broad spectrum antivirals through drug repurposing are described and several candidates are chosen and strategies to understand their mechanism of action and to determine how resistance to antiviral develops in infected cells are proposed.

TL;DR: D5 is a potential therapeutic agent for the devastating fish rhabdovirus infections by eliciting an innate immune response in non-viral infected zebrafish by up-regulating the expression of interferon genes.

TL;DR: PEDV nsp16 negatively regulates innate immunity to promote viral proliferation, and a novel perspective to advance the understanding in the pathogenesis of PEDV is provided.

TL;DR: The findings indicate no association between the occurrence of MAS and enteric viruses, and the viral genomes reported in the present study seem part of the normal intestinal microbiota of chickens.

TL;DR: A bioinformatics approach comparing two datasets of contigs containing two closely related mycobunyaviruses allowed us to identify putative nucleocapsids (Nc) and non-structural (Ns) associated proteins.

TL;DR: A definition of an ASF virus carrier is lacking, and it was clear that evidence of any significant role of such a carrier is absent and there is no evidence that suggests that any of these categories of survivors can be considered as "healthy" carriers.

TL;DR: The immune responses elicited upon infection, various diagnostic facilities available for flaviviral disease and monoclonal antibodies available to date against flavivirus infection are highlighted.

TL;DR: A growing body of research suggests that extracellular vesicles are highly prevalent and robust vehicles for en bloc delivery of viral particles and naked infectious genomes among organisms and both RNA and DNA viruses appear to exploit these vesicle to increase their multiplicity of infection and enhance virulence.

TL;DR: ASFV genetic signatures of ASFV type specificity, genome variability, and the hemadsorption are reviewed and how these may be used toward defining antigenic and phenotypic diversity that is problematic for development of vaccine solutions to ASF are reviewed.

TL;DR: RSAD2 is identified as a novel restriction factor for MV by inhibiting the release of virus in infected 293T cells, providing important information regarding the interaction between MV and the innate immune system, as well as implications for the design of oncolytic MV platforms.

TL;DR: The results suggested that the cocktail of vB-AbaS_D0 and another Acinetobacter baumannii phage vB_AbaP_D2 could improve the therapeutic efficacy in vivo and in vitro.

TL;DR: A panel of newly generated p30-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that recognize the C-terminal region of the protein, which is highly hydrophilic, enriched in glutamic acid residues, and predicted to contain an intrinsically disordered protein region (IDPR).

TL;DR: Recent advances in OV therapy for a range of human cancers in in vitro and in in vivo animal studies are highlighted and the future of OVs as a therapeutic strategy for arange of life-threatening cancers is discussed.

TL;DR: In this study, SVCV infectivity was significantly inhibited in vitro in a dose-dependent manner by preincubation with C2, providing the new insight that a small molecule antiviral drug can be used to control rhabdovirus infection in fish aquaculture.

TL;DR: The current understanding of the conservation and transcriptional regulation of the miR-34/449 family is discussed, and data suggest the potential for miR/446 as a diagnostic and therapeutic target.

TL;DR: The exosomes released from DENV-infected C6/36 cells were isolated, purified and analyzed using an antibody against the tetraspanin CD9 from human that showed cross-reactivity with the homologs to human CD9 found in Aedes albopictus (AalCD9).

TL;DR: Phylogenetic analysis of DPOL sequences indicates that black bear herpesviruses and UrHV-1 are closely related and have small distances to members of Rhadinovirus, and Interestingly, blackBear herpesvirus infections were also found in bears without neurological signs.

TL;DR: In this article, the anti-IHNV activities of 32 medicinal plants were investigated by using epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells, and the strongest inhibition on IHNV replication with an inhibitory percentage of 99.3% at the concentration 100 mg/L.

TL;DR: This work modelled different factors that could influence the evolution of collective infectious units (CIUs), and found that group infectivity benefits favoured CIUs and defective genomes did not favour or disfavour CIUs.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed knowledge on African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) interactions with the host cell nucleus and on the functional properties of different viral DNA-replication related proteins.

TL;DR: Elucidation of the mechanisms of virus evolution, including internal interactions and bloc transmission, may provide rational strategies to solve such important problems of virus infections as drug-resistance, immune evasion, and acquisition of the new tropism and host range.

TL;DR: This review will discuss general cell contact-dependent mechanisms that HIV-1 utilizes for its spread and the evidence pointing to cell-to-cell transmission as a mechanism for the establishment and maintenance of latent infection.

TL;DR: Combining the data elucidating the molecular mechanisms of RABV attachment, entry, and intracellular trafficking, this review provides an integrated view of the early events in the viral life cycle.

TL;DR: Molecules that have been reported to inhibit ASFV replication, either as direct-acting antivirals or host-targeting drugs as well as those that act via a yet unknown mechanism are reviewed.