2013 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures
William Thies,Laura Bleiler +1 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
This report provides information to increase understanding of the public health impact of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including incidence and prevalence, mortality rates, health expenditures and costs of care, and effect on caregivers and society in general.Abstract:
This report provides information to increase understanding of the public health impact of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including incidence and prevalence, mortality rates, health expenditures and costs of care, and effect on caregivers and society in general. It also explores the roles and unique challenges of long‐distance caregivers, as well as interventions that target those challenges. An estimated 5.2 million Americans have AD. Approximately 200,000 people younger than 65 years with AD comprise the younger onset AD population; 5 million comprise the older onset AD population. Throughout the coming decades, the baby boom generation is projected to add about 10 million to the total number of people in the United States with AD. Today, someone in America develops AD every 68 seconds. By 2050, one new case of AD is expected to develop every 33 seconds, or nearly a million new cases per year, and the total estimated prevalence is expected to be 13.8 million. AD is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States and the fifth leading cause of death in Americans age 65 years or older. Between 2000 and 2010, the proportion of deaths resulting from heart disease, stroke, and prostate cancer decreased 16%, 23%, and 8%, respectively, whereas the proportion resulting from AD increased 68%. The number of deaths from AD as determined by official death certificates (83,494 in 2010) likely underrepresents the number of AD‐related deaths in the United States. A projected 450,000 older Americans with AD will die in 2013, and a large proportion will die as a result of complications of AD. In 2012, more than 15 million family members and other unpaid caregivers provided an estimated 17.5 billion hours of care to people with AD and other dementias, a contribution valued at more than $216 billion. Medicare payments for services to beneficiaries age 65 years and older with AD and other dementias are three times as great as payments for beneficiaries without these conditions, and Medicaid payments are 19 times as great. Total payments in 2013 for health care, long‐term care, and hospice services for people age 65 years and older with dementia are expected to be $203 billion (not including the contributions of unpaid caregivers). An estimated 2.3 million caregivers of people with AD and other dementias live at least 1 hour away from the care recipient. These “long‐distance caregivers” face unique challenges, including difficulty in assessing the care recipient's true health condition and needs, high rates of family disagreement regarding caregiving decisions, and high out‐of‐pocket expenses for costs related to caregiving. Out‐of‐pocket costs for long‐distance caregivers are almost twice as high as for local caregivers.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuronal histamine and cognitive symptoms in Alzheimer's disease
Armin Zlomuzica,Dorothea Dere,Sonja Binder,Maria A. de Souza Silva,Joseph P. Huston,Ekrem Dere +5 more
TL;DR: The significance of the neuronal histaminergic system as a promising target for the development of more effective drugs for the treatment of cognitive symptoms is discussed and the option to use histamine-related agents as neurogenesis-stimulating therapy that counteracts progressive brain atrophy in Alzheimer's disease is considered.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of Adherence to a Healthy Diet with Cognitive Decline in European and American Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis within the CHANCES Consortium.
Agnes A M Berendsen,Jae H. Kang,Ondine van de Rest,Nicole Jankovic,Ellen Kampman,Jessica C. Kiefte-de Jong,Jessica C. Kiefte-de Jong,Oscar H. Franco,M. Arfan Ikram,Hynek Pikhart,Lena Maria Nilsson,Hermann Brenner,Paolo Boffetta,Snorri Bjorn Rafnsson,Snorri Bjorn Rafnsson,Deborah Gustafson,Deborah Gustafson,Andreas Kyrozis,Antonia Trichopoulou,Edith J. M. Feskens,Francine Grodstein,Lisette C. P. G. M. de Groot +21 more
TL;DR: A higher HDI score was not related to reduced rates of cognitive decline in European and American older adults.
Journal ArticleDOI
Targeting Neural Hyperactivity as a Treatment to Stem Progression of Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease
TL;DR: Evidence for hippocampal hyperactivity as a significant contributor to age-dependent cognitive decline and the progressive accumulation of pathology in LOAD is reviewed and studies demonstrating the efficacy of reducing hyperactivity with an initial test therapy, levetiracetam (Keppra), an atypical antiepileptic are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Computer mouse movement patterns: A potential marker of mild cognitive impairment
Adriana Seelye,Stuart Hagler,Nora Mattek,Diane B. Howieson,Katherine Wild,Hiroko H. Dodge,Jeffrey Kaye +6 more
TL;DR: This exploratory study examined whether patterns of computer mouse movements obtained from routine home computer use discriminated between older adults with and without MCI.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neurotrophic factor small-molecule mimetics mediated neuroregeneration and synaptic repair: emerging therapeutic modality for Alzheimer's disease.
TL;DR: P021 is a neurogenic and neurotrophic compound which enhances dentate gyrus neurogenesis and memory processes via inhibiting leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) signaling pathway and increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and has emerged as a highly promising compound for AD drug development.
References
More filters
Journal Article
[Affective disorders in the fourth edition of the classification of mental disorders prepared by the American Psychiatric Association -- diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders].
Journal ArticleDOI
The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease
Guy M. McKhann,Guy M. McKhann,David S. Knopman,Howard Chertkow,Bradley T. Hyman,Clifford R. Jack,Claudia H. Kawas,William E. Klunk,Walter J. Koroshetz,Jennifer J. Manly,Richard Mayeux,Richard C. Mohs,John C. Morris,Martin N. Rossor,Philip Scheltens,Maria C. Carrillo,Bill Thies,Sandra Weintraub,Creighton H. Phelps +18 more
TL;DR: The workgroup sought to ensure that the revised criteria would be flexible enough to be used by both general healthcare providers without access to neuropsychological testing, advanced imaging, and cerebrospinal fluid measures, and specialized investigators involved in research or in clinical trial studies who would have these tools available.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mild Cognitive Impairment: Clinical Characterization and Outcome
Ronald C. Petersen,Glenn E. Smith,Stephen C. Waring,Robert J. Ivnik,Eric G. Tangalos,Emre Kokmen +5 more
TL;DR: Patients who meet the criteria for MCI can be differentiated from healthy control subjects and those with very mild AD, and appear to constitute a clinical entity that can be characterized for treatment interventions.
Journal ArticleDOI
International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems
TL;DR: There is substantial global variation in the relative burden of stroke compared with IHD, and the disproportionate burden from stroke for many lower-income countries suggests that distinct interventions may be required.
Related Papers (5)
The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease
Guy M. McKhann,Guy M. McKhann,David S. Knopman,Howard Chertkow,Bradley T. Hyman,Clifford R. Jack,Claudia H. Kawas,William E. Klunk,Walter J. Koroshetz,Jennifer J. Manly,Richard Mayeux,Richard C. Mohs,John C. Morris,Martin N. Rossor,Philip Scheltens,Maria C. Carrillo,Bill Thies,Sandra Weintraub,Creighton H. Phelps +18 more
The Amyloid Hypothesis of Alzheimer's Disease: Progress and Problems on the Road to Therapeutics
John Hardy,Dennis J. Selkoe +1 more