23Na Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Determined Tissue Sodium in Healthy Subjects and Hypertensive Patients
Christoph W. Kopp,Peter Linz,Anke Dahlmann,Matthias Hammon,Jonathan Jantsch,Dominik N. Müller,Roland E. Schmieder,Alexander Cavallaro,Kai-Uwe Eckardt,Michael Uder,Friedrich C. Luft,Jens Titze +11 more
TLDR
23Na magnetic resonance imaging could have utility in assessing the role of tissue Na+ storage for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in longitudinal studies, and it is suggested that patients with refractory hypertension had increased tissueNa+ content, compared with normotensive controls.Abstract:
High dietary salt intake is associated with hypertension; the prevalence of salt-sensitive hypertension increases with age. We hypothesized that tissue Na(+) might accumulate in hypertensive patients and that aging might be accompanied by Na(+) deposition in tissue. We implemented (23)Na magnetic resonance imaging to measure Na(+) content of soft tissues in vivo earlier, but had not studied essential hypertension. We report on a cohort of 56 healthy control men and women, and 57 men and women with essential hypertension. The ages ranged from 22 to 90 years. (23)Na magnetic resonance imaging measurements were made at the level of the calf. We observed age-dependent increases in Na(+) content in muscle in men, whereas muscle Na(+) content did not change with age in women. We estimated water content with conventional MRI and found no age-related increases in muscle water in men, despite remarkable Na(+) accumulation, indicating water-free Na(+) storage in muscle. With increasing age, there was Na(+) deposition in the skin in both women and men; however, skin Na(+) content remained lower in women. Similarly, this sex difference was found in skin water content, which was lower in women than in men. In contrast to muscle, increasing Na(+) content was paralleled with increasing skin water content. When controlled for age, we found that patients with refractory hypertension had increased tissue Na(+) content, compared with normotensive controls. These observations suggest that (23)Na magnetic resonance imaging could have utility in assessing the role of tissue Na(+) storage for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in longitudinal studies.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
From salt to hypertension, what is missed?
TL;DR: In this article, the limitations of current methods to assess sodium balance and discuss new potential evaluation methods and treatment targets, as well as a review of existing methods and evaluation targets for assessing salt balance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cardio-Oncology: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitors, Salt, and Macrophages: A Complicated Interaction.
TL;DR: Cardio-oncology has emerged as a new medical discipline mostly because of targeted cancer therapies, which are effective in cancer treatment but which can cause cardiovascular complications, and the frequency of hypertension has prompted algorithms by clinicians to recognize and treat the hypertension.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of overhydration and serum pigment epithelium-derived factor with CKD progression in diabetic kidney disease: A prospective cohort study
Allen Yan Lun Liu,Sharon Li Ting Pek,Serena Low,Angela Moh,Keven Ang,Wern Ee Tang,Ziliang Lim,Tavintharan Subramaniam,Chee Fang Sum,Su Chi Lim,Su Chi Lim +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a prospective cohort study of 1,065 patients with clinically euvolemic type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who attended the diabetes center in a tertiary hospital or primary care clinic was conducted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Salt balance: From space experiments to revolutionizing new clinical concepts on earth – A historical review
TL;DR: A review article summarizes the developments that have led to these revolutionizing new findings and concepts as well as consequences deriving from these findings as discussed by the authors, focusing on such key literature and considerations that led to the respective developments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sodium Accumulation and Blood Capillary Rarefaction in the Skin Predispose Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats to Salt Sensitive Hypertension
Jan Šilhavý,Petr Mlejnek,Miroslava Šimáková,František Liška,Jan Kubovciak,Eva Sticova,Michal Pravenec +6 more
TL;DR: Analysis of dermal gene expression profiles in BN-Lx rats after salt treatment showed significant up-regulation of genes involved in angiogenesis and proliferation of endothelial cells contrary to the SHR, suggesting increased storage of osmotically inactive Na+ in the skin while no significant changes in skin electrolyte concentrations were observed.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence of Hypertension in the US Adult Population: Results From the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1991
Vicki L. Burt,Paul K. Whelton,Edward J. Roccella,Clarice Brown,Jeffrey A. Cutler,Millicent Higgins,Michael J. Horan,Darwin R. Labarthe +7 more
TL;DR: awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension have improved substantially since the 1976-1980 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey but continue to be suboptimal, especially in Mexican Americans.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular Mechanisms of Human Hypertension
TL;DR: Supported in part by a Specialized Center of Research in Hypertension and NIH K08 awards (to A. G. and D. S. G.) and a grant from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
Journal ArticleDOI
Macrophages regulate salt-dependent volume and blood pressure by a vascular endothelial growth factor-C–dependent buffering mechanism
Agnes Machnik,Wolfgang Neuhofer,Jonathan Jantsch,Anke Dahlmann,Tuomas Tammela,Katharina Machura,Joon-Keun Park,F. X. Beck,Dominik N. Müller,Wolfgang Derer,Jennifer Goss,Agata Ziomber,Peter Dietsch,Hubertus Wagner,Nico van Rooijen,Armin Kurtz,Karl F. Hilgers,Kari Alitalo,Kai-Uwe Eckardt,Friedrich C. Luft,Dontscho Kerjaschki,Jens Titze +21 more
TL;DR: It is shown that a high-salt diet in rats leads to interstitial hypertonic Na+ accumulation in skin, resulting in increased density and hyperplasia of the lymphcapillary network and VEGFC is identified as an osmosensitive, hypertonicity-driven gene intimately involved in salt-induced hypertension.
Journal ArticleDOI
Salt Sensitivity, Pulse Pressure, and Death in Normal and Hypertensive Humans
TL;DR: Long-term follow-up of normotensive salt-sensitive subjects in whom assessment of salt sensitivity of blood pressure was performed as long as 27 years ago provides unique evidence of a relationship between salt sensitivity and mortality that is independent of elevated blood pressure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fat and water magnetic resonance imaging.
TL;DR: This article reviews the most commonly used techniques for fat suppression and fat–water imaging including 1) chemically selective fat suppression pulses “FAT‐SAT”; 2) spatial‐spectral pulses (water excitation); 3) short inversion time (TI) inversion recovery (STIR) imaging; 4) chemical shift based water–fat separation methods; and finally 5)Fat suppression and balanced steady‐state free precession (SSFP) sequences.
Related Papers (5)
Macrophages regulate salt-dependent volume and blood pressure by a vascular endothelial growth factor-C–dependent buffering mechanism
Agnes Machnik,Wolfgang Neuhofer,Jonathan Jantsch,Anke Dahlmann,Tuomas Tammela,Katharina Machura,Joon-Keun Park,F. X. Beck,Dominik N. Müller,Wolfgang Derer,Jennifer Goss,Agata Ziomber,Peter Dietsch,Hubertus Wagner,Nico van Rooijen,Armin Kurtz,Karl F. Hilgers,Kari Alitalo,Kai-Uwe Eckardt,Friedrich C. Luft,Dontscho Kerjaschki,Jens Titze +21 more
Immune cells control skin lymphatic electrolyte homeostasis and blood pressure
Helge Wiig,Agnes Schröder,Wolfgang Neuhofer,Jonathan Jantsch,Christoph W. Kopp,Tine V. Karlsen,Michael Boschmann,Jennifer Goss,Maija Bry,Natalia Rakova,Anke Dahlmann,Sven Brenner,Olav Tenstad,Harri Nurmi,Eero Mervaala,Hubertus Wagner,F. X. Beck,Dominik N. Müller,Dontscho Kerjaschki,Friedrich C. Luft,David G. Harrison,Kari Alitalo,Jens Titze +22 more
Long-term space flight simulation reveals infradian rhythmicity in human Na(+) balance.
Natalia Rakova,Kathrin Jüttner,Anke Dahlmann,Agnes Schröder,Peter Linz,Christoph W. Kopp,Manfred Rauh,Ulrike Goller,Luis Beck,Alexander Agureev,Galina Vassilieva,Liubov Lenkova,Bernd Johannes,Peter Wabel,Ulrich Moissl,Jörg Vienken,Rupert Gerzer,Kai-Uwe Eckardt,Dominik N. Müller,Dominik N. Müller,Karl Kirsch,Boris Morukov,Friedrich C. Luft,Friedrich C. Luft,Jens Titze,Jens Titze +25 more