Journal ArticleDOI
A new statistical approach for assessing similarity of species composition with incidence and abundance data
TLDR
This work provides a probabilistic derivation for the classic, incidence-based forms of Jaccard and Sorensen indices of compositional similarity and proposes estimators for these indices that include the effect of unseen shared species, based on either (replicated) incidence- or abundancebased sample data.Abstract:
The classic Jaccard and Sorensen indices of compositional similarity (and other indices that depend upon the same variables) are notoriously sensitive to sample size, especially for assemblages with numerous rare species. Further, because these indices are based solely on presence–absence data, accurate estimators for them are unattainable. We provide a probabilistic derivation for the classic, incidence-based forms of these indices and extend this approach to formulate new Jaccard-type or Sorensen-type indices based on species abundance data. We then propose estimators for these indices that include the effect of unseen shared species, based on either (replicated) incidence- or abundancebased sample data. In sampling simulations, these new estimators prove to be considerably less biased than classic indices when a substantial proportion of species are missing from samples. Based on species-rich empirical datasets, we show how incorporating the effect of unseen shared species not only increases accuracy but also can change the interpretation of results.read more
Citations
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Microbial biogeography : putting microorganisms on the map
Jennifer B. H. Martiny,Brendan J. M. Bohannan,James H. Brown,Robert K. Colwell,Jed A. Fuhrman,Jessica L. Green,M. Claire Horner-Devine,Matthew D. Kane,Jennifer Adams Krumins,Cheryl R. Kuske,Peter J. Morin,Shahid Naeem,Lise Øvreås,Anna-Louise Reysenbach,Val H. Smith,James T. Staley +15 more
TL;DR: Current evidence confirms that, as proposed by the Baas-Becking hypothesis, 'the environment selects' and is, in part, responsible for spatial variation in microbial diversity, but recent studies also dispute the idea that 'everything is everywhere'.
Journal ArticleDOI
The biodiversity of species and their rates of extinction, distribution, and protection
Stuart L. Pimm,Clinton N. Jenkins,Robin Abell,Thomas M. Brooks,John L. Gittleman,Lucas Joppa,Peter H. Raven,Callum M. Roberts,Joseph O. Sexton +8 more
TL;DR: The biodiversity of eukaryote species and their extinction rates, distributions, and protection is reviewed, and what the future rates of species extinction will be, how well protected areas will slow extinction Rates, and how the remaining gaps in knowledge might be filled are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Waste not, want not: why rarefying microbiome data is inadmissible.
Paul J. McMurdie,Susan Holmes +1 more
TL;DR: It is advocated that investigators avoid rarefying altogether and supported statistical theory is provided that simultaneously accounts for library size differences and biological variability using an appropriate mixture model.
Journal ArticleDOI
UniFrac: an effective distance metric for microbial community comparison
TL;DR: It is confirmed with actual sequence data that UniFrac values can be influenced by the number of sequences/sample, and sequence jackknifing is recommended to avoid this issue.
Journal ArticleDOI
Navigating the multiple meanings of β diversity: a roadmap for the practicing ecologist
Marti J. Anderson,Thomas O. Crist,Jonathan M. Chase,Mark Vellend,Brian D. Inouye,Amy L. Freestone,Nathan J. Sanders,Howard V. Cornell,Liza S. Comita,Kendi F. Davies,Susan Harrison,Nathan J. B. Kraft,James C. Stegen,Nathan G. Swenson +13 more
TL;DR: A roadmap of the most widely used and ecologically relevant approaches for analysis through a series of mission statements is provided, distinguishing two types of β diversity: directional turnover along a gradient vs. non-directional variation.
References
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Roger H. Bray,John T. Curtis +1 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Interpolating, extrapolating, and comparing incidence-based species accumulation curves
TL;DR: In this paper, a binomial mixture model is proposed for the species accumulation function based on presence-absence (incidence) of species in a sample of quadrats or other sampling units, which covers interpolation between zero and the observed number of samples, as well as extrapolation beyond the observed sample set.