A systematic review of tests to predict cerebral palsy in young children.
Margot Bosanquet,Margot Bosanquet,Margot Bosanquet,Lisa Copeland,Robert S. Ware,Robert S. Ware,Roslyn N. Boyd,Roslyn N. Boyd +7 more
TLDR
This systematic review evaluates the accuracy of predictive assessments and investigations used to assist in the diagnosis of cerebral palsy in preschool‐age children (<5y).Abstract:
Aim
This systematic review evaluates the accuracy of predictive assessments and investigations used to assist in the diagnosis of cerebral palsy (CP) in preschool-age children (<5y).
Method
Six databases were searched for studies that included a diagnosis of CP validated after 2 years of age. The validity of the studies meeting the criteria was evaluated using the Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy criteria. Where possible, results were pooled and a meta-analysis was undertaken.
Results
Nineteen out of 351 studies met the full inclusion criteria, including studies of general movements assessment (GMA), cranial ultrasound, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and neurological examination. All studies assessed high-risk populations including preterm (gestational range 23–41wks) and low-birthweight infants (range 500–4350g). Summary estimates of sensitivity and specificity of GMA were 98% (95% confidence interval [CI] 74–100%) and 91% (95% CI 83–93%) respectively; of cranial ultrasound 74% (95% CI 63–83%) and 92% (95% CI 81–96%) respectively; and of neurological examination 88% (95% CI 55–97%) and 87% (95% CI 57–97%) respectively. MRI performed at term corrected age (in preterm infants) appeared to be a strong predictor of CP, with sensitivity ranging in individual studies from 86 to 100% and specificity ranging from 89 to 97% There was inadequate evidence for the use of other predictive tools.
Summary
This review found that the assessment with the best evidence and strength for predictive accuracy is the GMA. MRI has a good predictive value when performed at term-corrected age. Cranial ultrasound is as specific as MRI and has the advantage of being readily available at the bedside. Studies to date have focused on high-risk infants. The accuracy of these tests in low-risk infants remains unclear and requires further research.read more
Citations
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Neurodevelopmental outcome and early rehabilitation of premature babies - is it needed in the first 2 years of life?
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Carmen Parisi,Nikolas Hesse,Uta Tacke,Sergi Pujades Rocamora,Astrid Blaschek,Mijna Hadders-Algra,Michael J. Black,Florian Heinen,Wolfgang Müller-Felber,A. Sebastian Schroeder +9 more
TL;DR: An inexpensive, marker-free video analysis tool for infants, which digitizes 3‑D movements of the entire body over time allowing automated analysis in the future, and which can be trained to automatically recognize pathological spontaneous motor skills.
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The general movements assessment in term and late-preterm infants diagnosed with neonatal encephalopathy, as a predictive tool of cerebral palsy by 2 years of age: a scoping review protocol
Judy Seesahai,Judy Seesahai,Maureen Luther,Maureen Luther,Carmen Cindy Rhoden,Carmen Cindy Rhoden,Paige Church,Paige Church,Elizabeth Asztalos,Elizabeth Asztalos,Rudaina Banihani,Rudaina Banihani +11 more
TL;DR: The purpose of this study is to identify the published literature on how the General Movements Assessment tool applies to the prediction of cerebral palsy in term and late-preterm infants diagnosed with neonatal encephalopathy and so detect the research gaps.
Journal ArticleDOI
Early diagnosis of cerebral palsy
TL;DR: Based on research evidence, the best three tools to detect high risk of CP before the corrected age of 5 months old are neonatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the Prechtl Qualitative Assessment of General Movements (GMs), and the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: A five‐level classification system analogous to the staging and grading systems used in medicine, which has application for clinical practice, research, teaching, and administration is developed.
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Peter Rosenbaum,Nigel Paneth,Alan Leviton,Maurice Goldstein,Martin Bax,Diane L. Damiano,Bernard Dan,Bo Jacobsson +7 more
TL;DR: Suggestions were made about the content of a revised definition and classification of CP that would meet the needs of clinicians, investigators, health officials, families and the public and would provide a common language for improved communication.
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Tomáš Paus,Alex P. Zijdenbos,Keith J. Worsley,D. Louis Collins,Jonathan D. Blumenthal,Jay N. Giedd,Judith L. Rapoport,Alan C. Evans +7 more
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