A systematic review of tests to predict cerebral palsy in young children.
Margot Bosanquet,Margot Bosanquet,Margot Bosanquet,Lisa Copeland,Robert S. Ware,Robert S. Ware,Roslyn N. Boyd,Roslyn N. Boyd +7 more
TLDR
This systematic review evaluates the accuracy of predictive assessments and investigations used to assist in the diagnosis of cerebral palsy in preschool‐age children (<5y).Abstract:
Aim
This systematic review evaluates the accuracy of predictive assessments and investigations used to assist in the diagnosis of cerebral palsy (CP) in preschool-age children (<5y).
Method
Six databases were searched for studies that included a diagnosis of CP validated after 2 years of age. The validity of the studies meeting the criteria was evaluated using the Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy criteria. Where possible, results were pooled and a meta-analysis was undertaken.
Results
Nineteen out of 351 studies met the full inclusion criteria, including studies of general movements assessment (GMA), cranial ultrasound, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and neurological examination. All studies assessed high-risk populations including preterm (gestational range 23–41wks) and low-birthweight infants (range 500–4350g). Summary estimates of sensitivity and specificity of GMA were 98% (95% confidence interval [CI] 74–100%) and 91% (95% CI 83–93%) respectively; of cranial ultrasound 74% (95% CI 63–83%) and 92% (95% CI 81–96%) respectively; and of neurological examination 88% (95% CI 55–97%) and 87% (95% CI 57–97%) respectively. MRI performed at term corrected age (in preterm infants) appeared to be a strong predictor of CP, with sensitivity ranging in individual studies from 86 to 100% and specificity ranging from 89 to 97% There was inadequate evidence for the use of other predictive tools.
Summary
This review found that the assessment with the best evidence and strength for predictive accuracy is the GMA. MRI has a good predictive value when performed at term-corrected age. Cranial ultrasound is as specific as MRI and has the advantage of being readily available at the bedside. Studies to date have focused on high-risk infants. The accuracy of these tests in low-risk infants remains unclear and requires further research.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Correlates of Normal and Abnormal General Movements in Infancy and Long-Term Neurodevelopment of Preterm Infants: Insights from Functional Connectivity Studies at Term Equivalence.
Colleen Peyton,Colleen Peyton,Christa Einspieler,Toril Fjørtoft,Lars Adde,Michael D. Schreiber,Alexander Drobyshevsky,Jeremy D. Marks +7 more
TL;DR: The presence of abnormal general movements is associated with region-specific differences in rsFC at term and the association of abnormal long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes with decreased rsFC between basal ganglia and sub-score specific cortical regions may provide biomarkers of neuro developmental trajectory and outcome.
Journal ArticleDOI
Speech and language interventions for infants aged 0 to 2 years at high risk for cerebral palsy: a systematic review.
Olena Chorna,Ellyn L. Hamm,Caitlin Cummings,Ashley Fetters,Nathalie L. Maitre,Nathalie L. Maitre +5 more
TL;DR: The level of evidence of speech, language, and communication interventions for infants at high‐risk for, or with a diagnosis of, cerebral palsy from 0 to 2 years old is evaluated.
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Neurological damage arising from intrapartum hypoxia/acidosis.
TL;DR: This chapter focuses on the existing evidence of neurological damage associated with poor foetal oxygenation during labour.
Journal ArticleDOI
Continuum of neurobehaviour and its associations with brain MRI in infants born preterm
Abbey L. Eeles,Jennifer M. Walsh,Joy E. Olsen,Rocco Cuzzilla,Deanne K. Thompson,Peter J. Anderson,Lex W. Doyle,Jeanie L.Y. Cheong,Alicia J Spittle +8 more
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that neurobehavioural assessments offer insight into the integrity of the developing brain, and may be useful in earlier identification of the highest-risk infants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Technology-aided assessment of sensorimotor function in early infancy.
TL;DR: Current clinical methods and challenges for assessing motor function in early infancy are reviewed, and the potential benefits and use of technology-assisted methods with neuroimaging can shed new light on the intra-cerebral processes underlying neurodevelopmental impairment are discussed.
References
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TL;DR: Suggestions were made about the content of a revised definition and classification of CP that would meet the needs of clinicians, investigators, health officials, families and the public and would provide a common language for improved communication.
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Surveillance of cerebral palsy in Europe: a collaboration of cerebral palsy surveys and registers
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: Findings provide evidence for a gradual maturation, during late childhood and adolescence, of fiber pathways presumably supporting motor and speech functions.
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