A Year of Terror and a Century of Reflection: Perspectives on the Great Influenza Pandemic of 1918-1919
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TLDR
The pathophysiology associated with the 1918 virus and its predilection for the young and healthy, the rise of influenza therapeutic research following the pandemic, and the level of preparedness for future pandemics are discussed are discussed.Abstract:
In the spring of 1918, the “War to End All Wars”, which would ultimately claim more than 37 million lives, had entered into its final year and would change the global political and economic landscape forever. At the same time, a new global threat was emerging and would become one of the most devastating global health crises in recorded history. The 1918 H1N1 pandemic virus spread across Europe, North America, and Asia over a 12-month period resulting in an estimated 500 million infections and 50–100 million deaths worldwide, of which ~ 50% of these occurred within the fall of 1918 (Emerg Infect Dis 12:15-22, 2006, Bull Hist Med 76:105-115, 2002). However, the molecular factors that contributed to the emergence of, and subsequent public health catastrophe associated with, the 1918 pandemic virus remained largely unknown until 2005, when the characterization of the reconstructed pandemic virus was announced heralding a new era of advanced molecular investigations (Science 310:77-80, 2005). In the century following the emergence of the 1918 pandemic virus we have landed on the Moon, developed the electronic computer (and a global internet), and have eradicated smallpox. In contrast, we have a largely remedial knowledge and understanding of one of the greatest scourges in recorded history. Here, we reflect on the 1918 influenza pandemic, including its emergence and subsequent rapid global spread. In addition, we discuss the pathophysiology associated with the 1918 virus and its predilection for the young and healthy, the rise of influenza therapeutic research following the pandemic, and, finally, our level of preparedness for future pandemics.read more
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References
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TL;DR: These global influenza-associated respiratory mortality estimates are higher than previously reported, suggesting that previous estimates might have underestimated disease burden.
Journal ArticleDOI
1918 Influenza: the Mother of All Pandemics
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the public health implications of the Spanish influenza pandemic of 1918-1919, which caused ≈50 million deaths worldwide and remains an ominous warning to public health.
1918 Influenza: The mother of all pandemics
TL;DR: New information about the 1918 virus is emerging, for example, sequencing of the entire genome from archival autopsy tissues, but, the viral genome alone is unlikely to provide answers to some critical questions.
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