Aggressive Behavior and Altered Amounts of Brain Serotonin and Norepinephrine in Mice Lacking MAOA
Olivier Cases,Isabelle Seif,Joseph Grimsby,Patricia Gaspar,Kevin Chen,Sandrine Pournin,Ulrike Müller,Michel Aguet,Charles Babinet,Jean C. Shih,Edward De Maeyer +10 more
TLDR
Pup behavioral alterations, including trembling, difficulty in righting, and fearfulness were reversed by the serotonin synthesis inhibitor parachlorophenylalanine, and adults manifested a distinct behavioral syndrome, including enhanced aggression in males.Abstract:
Deficiency in monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), an enzyme that degrades serotonin and norepinephrine, has recently been shown to be associated with aggressive behavior in men of a Dutch family. A line of transgenic mice was isolated in which transgene integration caused a deletion in the gene encoding MAOA, providing an animal model of MAOA deficiency. In pup brains, serotonin concentrations were increased up to ninefold, and serotonin-like immunoreactivity was present in catecholaminergic neurons. In pup and adult brains, norepinephrine concentrations were increased up to twofold, and cytoarchitectural changes were observed in the somatosensory cortex. Pup behavioral alterations, including trembling, difficulty in righting, and fearfulness were reversed by the serotonin synthesis inhibitor parachlorophenylalanine. Adults manifested a distinct behavioral syndrome, including enhanced aggression in males.read more
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Analysis of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene in bipolar affective disorder by association studies, meta-analyses, and sequencing of the promoter.
Robert A. Furlong,Luk W. Ho,Judy S. Rubinsztein,Cathy Walsh,Eugene S. Paykel,David C. Rubinsztein +5 more
TL;DR: Positive associations of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene with bipolar affective disorder and a novel polymorphic promoter variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) located approximately 1,200 bp upstream from the translation start site suggest that there may be functional variants in other regions of the MAOA gene or neighbouring genes that affect bipolar Affective disorder risk.
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The psychopharmacology of aggressive behavior: a translational approach: part 2: clinical studies using atypical antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, and lithium.
TL;DR: A critical review of all clinical trials using atypical antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, and lithium shows that a multifunctional combined therapy, targeting different receptors, seems to be the best strategy for treating aggressive behavior.
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Determinants of regional and local diversity within the astroglial lineage of the normal central nervous system.
TL;DR: A review of the evidence for and mechanistic determinants of regional and local astrocyte diversity can be found in this paper, where it is shown that many phenotypic traits of the non-neuronal glial cells are responsive to local environmental cues (i.e., are adaptable), suggesting that plasticity contributes to this diversity.
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Origins of antisocial behavior: negative reinforcement and affect dysregulation of behavior as socialization mechanisms in family interaction
TL;DR: The authors found that negative reinforcement of aggression and affect dysregulation during family interaction may play complementary roles in the development of antisocial behavior by fostering the use of coercive means of dealing with social conflict.
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Association analysis of the functional monoamine oxidase A gene promoter polymorphism in psychiatric disorders.
Yana V. Syagailo,Gerald Stöber,Marcus Grässle,Ella Reimer,Michael Knapp,Gerd Jungkunz,Olga Okladnova,Jobst Meyer,Klaus-Peter Lesch +8 more
TL;DR: There is no association between MAOA-LPR genotype and susceptibility to recurrent major depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia in the population of patients tested.
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