Aggressive Behavior and Altered Amounts of Brain Serotonin and Norepinephrine in Mice Lacking MAOA
Olivier Cases,Isabelle Seif,Joseph Grimsby,Patricia Gaspar,Kevin Chen,Sandrine Pournin,Ulrike Müller,Michel Aguet,Charles Babinet,Jean C. Shih,Edward De Maeyer +10 more
TLDR
Pup behavioral alterations, including trembling, difficulty in righting, and fearfulness were reversed by the serotonin synthesis inhibitor parachlorophenylalanine, and adults manifested a distinct behavioral syndrome, including enhanced aggression in males.Abstract:
Deficiency in monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), an enzyme that degrades serotonin and norepinephrine, has recently been shown to be associated with aggressive behavior in men of a Dutch family. A line of transgenic mice was isolated in which transgene integration caused a deletion in the gene encoding MAOA, providing an animal model of MAOA deficiency. In pup brains, serotonin concentrations were increased up to ninefold, and serotonin-like immunoreactivity was present in catecholaminergic neurons. In pup and adult brains, norepinephrine concentrations were increased up to twofold, and cytoarchitectural changes were observed in the somatosensory cortex. Pup behavioral alterations, including trembling, difficulty in righting, and fearfulness were reversed by the serotonin synthesis inhibitor parachlorophenylalanine. Adults manifested a distinct behavioral syndrome, including enhanced aggression in males.read more
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Homologues of Twisted gastrulation are extracellular cofactors in antagonism of BMP signalling
TL;DR: It is concluded that Tsg acts as a cofactor in chordin's antagonism of BMP signalling, and binds both the vertebrate Decapentaplegic orthologue BMP4 and chordin, and that these interactions have multiple effects.
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Association of a regulatory polymorphism in the promoter region of the monoamine oxidase A gene with antisocial alcoholism.
Jerzy Samochowiec,Klaus-Peter Lesch,Matthias Rottmann,Michael N. Smolka,Yana V. Syagailo,Olga Okladnova,Hans Rommelspacher,Georg Winterer,Lutz G. Schmidt,Thomas Sander,Thomas Sander +10 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that the low-activity 3-repeat allele of the MAOA promoter polymorphism confers increased susceptibility to antisocial behavior rather than alcohol dependence per se in alcohol-dependent males.
Journal ArticleDOI
Brain catecholamine metabolism in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)-deficient mice.
Marko Huotari,Joseph A. Gogos,Maria Karayiorgou,Olli Koponen,Markus M. Forsberg,Atso Raasmaja,Juha M.T. Hyttinen,Pekka T. Männistö +7 more
TL;DR: Under normal conditions, COMT deficiency does not appear to affect significantly brain dopamine and noradrenaline levels in spite of relevant changes in their metabolites, and this finding is consistent with previous pharmacological studies with COMT inhibitors and confirms the pivotal role of synaptic reuptake processes and monoamine oxidase‐dependent metabolism in terminating the actions of catecholamines at nerve terminals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Early trauma and increased risk for physical aggression during adulthood: the moderating role of MAOA genotype.
Giovanni Frazzetto,Giorgio Di Lorenzo,Valeria Carola,Luca Proietti,Ewa Sokolowska,Alberto Siracusano,Cornelius Gross,Alfonso Troisi +7 more
TL;DR: The hypothesis that MAOA genotype moderates the association between early traumatic life events experienced during the first 15 years of life and the display of physical aggression during adulthood is supported and the use of dimensional measures focusing on behavioral aspects of aggression may increase the likelihood of detecting significant gene-by-environment interactions in studies of MAOA-related aggression.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular genetic studies of ADHD: 1991 to 2004.
TL;DR: Evidence for association exists for four genes in ADHD: the dopamine D4 and D5 receptors, and the dopamine and serotonin transporters; others are promising but need further replication, including the dopamineD2 and serotonin 2A receptors.
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