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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Alzheimer's disease as homeostatic responses to age-related myelin breakdown

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TLDR
This work delineates empirically testable mechanisms of action for genes underlying FAD and LOAD and provides "upstream" treatment targets and reframes key observations such as axonal transport disruptions, formation of axonal swellings/sphenoids and neuritic plaques, and proteinaceous deposits as by-products of homeostatic myelin repair processes.
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The connectomics of brain disorders

TL;DR: This work considers how brain-network topology shapes neural responses to damage, highlighting key maladaptive processes and the resources and processes that enable adaptation, and shows how knowledge of network topology allows for predictive models of the spread and functional consequences of brain disease.
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The Cellular Phase of Alzheimer’s Disease

TL;DR: Evidence supporting a long, complex cellular phase consisting of feedback and feedforward responses of astrocytes, microglia, and vasculature is reviewed.
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Intramuscular desferrioxamine in patients with Alzheimer's disease

TL;DR: In this paper, a single-blind study was conducted to investigate whether the progression of dementia could be slowed by the trivalent ion chelator, desferrioxamine.
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White matter characterization with diffusional kurtosis imaging.

TL;DR: A physically meaningful interpretation of DKI metrics in white matter regions consisting of more or less parallel aligned fiber bundles is provided by modeling the tissue as two non-exchanging compartments, the intra-axonal space and extra-AXonal space.
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Journal ArticleDOI

Synapses are lost during aging in the primate prefrontal cortex

TL;DR: When the synapse data are correlated with the overall cognitive impairment shown by the monkeys, it is found that there is a strong correlation between the numerical density of asymmetric synapses in layers 2/3 and cognitive impairment, with a weaker correlation between symmetric synapse loss and Cognitive impairment.
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Myelin breakdown and iron changes in Huntington's disease: pathogenesis and treatment implications.

TL;DR: Early in the HD process, myelin breakdown and changes in ferritin iron distribution underlie the pattern of regional toxicity observed in HD, and tracking the effects of novel interventions that reduce myelinate later in development and are relatively spared in HD could hasten the development of preventive treatments.
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Distinct genomic copy number in mitochondria of different mammalian organs

TL;DR: This study shows that mitochondria in liver, kidney, heart, and brain of the mouse have a distinct mitochondrial density and demonstrates that the mtDNA copy number per mitochondrion is organ‐specific.
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APOE genotype effects on Alzheimer's disease onset and epidemiology.

TL;DR: The authors reviewed the onset, diagnosis, and epidemiology of AD, specifically with regard to the apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype and the interaction of the genotype with age.
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