An Overview of the Effects of Dioxins and Dioxin-Like Compounds on Vertebrates, as Documented in Human and Ecological Epidemiology
Sally S White,Linda S. Birnbaum +1 more
TLDR
P prudent public health policy should include the continued reduction of exposures to dioxins, as humans appear to be susceptible to these effects in a manner similar to that of the laboratory and wildlife species, which have demonstrated such outcomes.Abstract:
Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds are primary examples of persistent organic pollutants that induce toxicity in both wildlife and humans. Over the past 200 years these compounds have been almost exclusively generated by human activity and have left a string of disasters in the wake of their accidental release. Most recently, the contamination of the Irish pork supply with dioxins resulted in an international recall of all Irish pork products. Epidemiologic data on human and ecological dioxin exposures have revealed a common pattern of biological response among vertebrate species, which is mediated through activation of the Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR). These AhR-mediated effects include profound consequences on the vertebrate individual exposed in early life with respect to myriad developmental endpoints including neurologic, immunologic, and reproductive parameters. Humans appear to be susceptible to these effects in a manner similar to that of the laboratory and wildlife species, which have demonstrated such outcomes. Furthermore, epidemiologic data suggest that there is little or no margin of exposure for humans with respect to these developmental effects. Given these concerns, prudent public health policy should include the continued reduction of exposures.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hormones and endocrine-disrupting chemicals: Low-dose effects and nonmonotonic dose responses
Laura N. Vandenberg,Theo Colborn,Tyrone B. Hayes,Jerrold J. Heindel,David R. Jacobs,Duk Hee Lee,Toshi Shioda,Ana M. Soto,Wade V. Welshons,R. Thomas Zoeller,John Peterson Myers +10 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that when nonmonotonic dose-response curves occur, the effects of low doses cannot be predicted by the effects observed at high doses, and fundamental changes in chemical testing and safety determination are needed to protect human health.
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Exactly The Same But Different: Promiscuity and Diversity in the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of the Aryl Hydrocarbon (Dioxin) Receptor
TL;DR: An overview of the classical and nonclassical mechanisms that can contribute to the differential sensitivity and diversity in responses observed in humans and other species following ligand-dependent activation of the AhR signal transduction pathway is provided.
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Accumulation of perfluoroalkyl substances in human tissues
Francisca Pérez,Martí Nadal,Alícia Navarro-Ortega,Francesc Fàbrega,José L. Domingo,Damià Barceló,Damià Barceló,Marinella Farré +7 more
TL;DR: The accumulation of different PFASs in samples of various human tissues from the same subjects is reported for the very first time and may be of high importance for the validation of physiologically based pharmacokinetic models, which are being developed for humans.
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Zebrafish in Toxicology and Environmental Health.
Kathryn Bambino,Jaime Chu +1 more
TL;DR: This work focuses on areas where zebrafish have been most effectively used in ecotoxicology and in environmental health, including investigation of exposures to endocrine disruptors, industrial waste byproducts, and arsenic.
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Human Health and Ocean Pollution.
Philip J. Landrigan,John J. Stegeman,Lora E. Fleming,Denis Allemand,Donald M. Anderson,Lorraine C. Backer,F. Brucker-Davis,Nicolas Chevalier,Lilian Corra,Dorota Czerucka,Marie-Yasmine Dechraoui Bottein,Barbara A. Demeneix,Michael H. Depledge,Dimitri D. Deheyn,Charles J. Dorman,Patrick Fénichel,Samantha Fisher,Françoise Gaill,François Galgani,William H. Gaze,Laura Giuliano,Philippe Grandjean,Mark E. Hahn,Amro Hamdoun,Philipp Hess,Bret Judson,Amalia Laborde,Jacqueline McGlade,Jenna Mu,Adetoun Mustapha,Maria Neira,Rachel T. Noble,Maria Luiza Pedrotti,Christopher M. Reddy,Joacim Rocklöv,Ursula M. Scharler,Hariharan Shanmugam,Gabriella Taghian,Jeroen A. J. M. van de Water,Luigi Vezzulli,Pal Weihe,Ariana Zeka,Hervé Raps,Patrick Rampal +43 more
TL;DR: This work examines the known and potential impacts of ocean pollution on human health, identifies gaps in knowledge, project future trends, and proposes priorities for interventions to control and prevent pollution of the seas and safeguard human health.
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