Journal ArticleDOI
Binding of HTLV-III/LAV to T4+ T cells by a complex of the 110K viral protein and the T4 molecule.
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TLDR
The binding of gp110 to the T4 molecule may be a major factor in HTLV-III/LAV tropism and may prove useful in developing therapeutic or preventive measures for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.Abstract:
Human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) or lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV) is tropic for human T cells with the helper-inducer phenotype, as defined by reactivity with monoclonal antibodies specific for the T4 molecule. Treatment of T4+ T cells with monoclonal antibodies to T4 antigen blocks HTLV-III/LAV binding, syncytia formation, and infectivity. Thus, it has been inferred that the T4 molecule itself is a virus receptor. In the present studies, the surfaces of T4+ T cells were labeled radioactively, and then the cells were exposed to virus. After the cells were lysed, HTLV-III/LAV antibodies were found to precipitate a surface protein with a molecular weight of 58,000 (58K). By blocking and absorption experiments, this 58K protein was identified as the T4 molecule. No cell-surface structures other than the T4 molecule were involved in the antibody-antigen complex formation. Two monoclonal antibodies, each reactive with a separate epitope of the T4 molecule, were tested for their binding capacities in the presence of HTLV-III/LAV. When HTLV-III/LAV was bound to T4+ T cells, the virus blocked the binding of one of the monoclonal antibodies, T4A (OKT4A), but not of the other, T4 (OKT4). When HTLV-III/LAV was internally radiolabeled and bound to T4+ T cells which were then lysed, a viral glycoprotein of 110K (gp110) coprecipitated with the T4 molecule. The binding of gp110 to the T4 molecule may thus be a major factor in HTLV-III/LAV tropism and may prove useful in developing therapeutic or preventive measures for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
1993 Revised Classification System for HIV Infection and Expanded Surveillance Case Definition for AIDS Among Adolescents and Adults
Kenneth G. Castro,John W. Ward,Laurence Slutsker,James W. Buehler,Harold W. Jaffe,Ruth L. Berkelman,James Curran +6 more
TL;DR: The classification system for HIV infection is revised to emphasize the clinical importance of the CD4+ T-lymphocyte count in the categorization of HIV-related clinical conditions and the AIDS surveillance case definition is expanded.
Journal ArticleDOI
Production of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated retrovirus in human and nonhuman cells transfected with an infectious molecular clone.
Akio Adachi,Howard E. Gendelman,Scott Koenig,Thomas M. Folks,Ronald Willey,Arnold B. Rabson,M A Martin +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an infectious molecular clone of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated retrovirus was constructed, and upon transfection, this clone directed the production of infectious virus particles in a wide variety of cells in addition to human T4 cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
The β-Chemokine Receptors CCR3 and CCR5 Facilitate Infection by Primary HIV-1 Isolates
Hyeryun Choe,Michael Farzan,Ying Sun,Nancy Sullivan,Barrett J. Rollins,Paul D. Ponath,Lijun Wu,Charles R. Mackay,Gregory J. LaRosa,Walter Newman,Norma P. Gerard,Craig Gerard,Joseph Sodroski +12 more
TL;DR: The ability of various members of the chemokine receptor family to support the early stages of HIV-1 infection helps to explain viral tropism and beta-chemokine inhibition of primary HIV- 1 isolates.
Journal ArticleDOI
The T4 gene encodes the AIDS virus receptor and is expressed in the immune system and the brain.
Paul J. Maddon,Angus G. Dalgleish,J. Steven McDougal,Paul R. Clapham,Robin A. Weiss,Richard Axel +5 more
TL;DR: The studies support a mechanism of AIDS virus infection that initially involves the specific interaction of theAIDS virus with T4 molecules on the cell surface, and find that the T4 gene is expressed in the brain as well as in lymphoid cells, providing an explanation for the dual neurotropic and lymphotropic character of the AIDS virus.
Journal ArticleDOI
The human immunodeficiency virus: infectivity and mechanisms of pathogenesis
TL;DR: Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus results in a profound immunosuppression due predominantly to a selective depletion of helper/inducer T lymphocytes that express the receptor for the virus (the CD4 molecule).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Isolation of a T-lymphotropic retrovirus from a patient at risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Françoise Barré-Sinoussi,J. C. Chermann,Félix A. Rey,Marie-Thérèse Nugeyre,S. Chamaret,Jacqueline Gruest,Charles Dauguet,Claudine Axler-Blin,F. Vézinet-Brun,Christine Rouzioux,Willy Rozenbaum,Luc Montagnier +11 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The CD4 (T4) antigen is an essential component of the receptor for the AIDS retrovirus
Angus Dalgleish,Peter C. L. Beverley,Paul R. Clapham,Dorothy H. Crawford,Mel Greaves,Robin A. Weiss +5 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that the CD4 antigen is an essential and specific component of the receptor for the causative agent of AIDS.
Journal ArticleDOI
Frequent detection and isolation of cytopathic retroviruses (HTLV-III) from patients with AIDS and at risk for AIDS
Robert C. Gallo,Syed Zaki Salahuddin,Mikulas Popovic,Gene M. Shearer,Mark H. Kaplan,Barton F. Haynes,Thomas J. Palker,Robert R. Redfield,James M. Oleske,Bijan Safai,Gilbert C. White,Paul Foster,Phillip D. Markham +12 more
TL;DR: Peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with signs or symptoms that frequently precede AIDS (pre-AIDS) were grown in vitro with added T-cell growth factor and assayed for the expression and release of human T-lymphotropic retroviruses (HTLV).
Journal ArticleDOI
Detection, Isolation, and Continuous Production of Cytopathic Retroviruses (HTLV-III) from Patients with AIDS and Pre-AIDS
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Journal ArticleDOI
T-lymphocyte T4 molecule behaves as the receptor for human retrovirus LAV
David Klatzmann,Eric Champagne,S. Chamaret,Jacqueline Gruest,Denise Guetard,Thierry Hercend,Jean Claude Gluckman,Luc Montagnier +7 more
TL;DR: Preincubation of T4+ lymphocytes with three individual monoclonal antibodies directed at the T4 glycoprotein blocked cell infection by LAV, strongly support the view that a surface molecule directly involved in cellular functions acts as, or is related to, the receptor for a human retrovirus.