Biogenesis of Salmonella typhimurium-containing vacuoles in epithelial cells involves interactions with the early endocytic pathway.
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TLDR
This study indicates that intracellular S. typhimurium occupies a unique niche, branching away from the traditional endocytic pathway between the early and late endosomal compartments.Abstract:
In epithelial cells, the intracellular pathogen Salmonella typhimurium resides and replicates within a unique cytoplasmic organelle, the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV). In vitro studies have shown that the SCV is a dynamic organelle that selectively acquires lysosomal glycoproteins (lgps) without fusing directly with lyosomes. Here, we have investigated early events in SCV biogenesis using immunofluorescence microscopy and epitope-specific flow cytometry. We show that proteins specific to the early endocytic pathway, EEA1 and transferrin receptor (TR), are present on early SCVs. The association of these proteins with SCVs is transient, and both proteins are undetectable at later time points when lgp and vATPase are acquired. Analysis of the fraction of SCVs containing both TR and lamp-1 showed that TR is lost from SCVs as the lgp is acquired, and that these processes occur progressively and not as the result of a single fusion/fission event. These experiments reveal a novel mechanism of SCV biogenesis, involving previously undetected initial interactions with the early endocytic pathway followed by the sequential delivery of lgp. The pathway does not involve interactions with the late endosome/prelysosome and is distinct from traditional phagocytic and endocytic pathways. Our study indicates that intracellular S. typhimurium occupies a unique niche, branching away from the traditional endocytic pathway between the early and late endosomal compartments.read more
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References
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S. typhimurium Encodes an Activator of Rho GTPases that Induces Membrane Ruffling and Nuclear Responses in Host Cells
TL;DR: This work shows that SopE, a substrate of this secretion system, stimulates cytoskeletal reorganization and JNK activation in a CDC42- and Rac-1-dependent manner, and establishes a paradigm for microbial stimulation of cellular responses in which the pathogen induces signaling events by directly engaging the signaling machinery within the host cell.
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Eea1, An Early Endosome-Associated Protein - Eea1 Is a Conserved Alpha-Helical Peripheral Membrane-Protein Flanked by Cysteine Fingers and Contains a Calmodulin-Binding Iq Motif
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Biogenesis of phagolysosomes proceeds through a sequential series of interactions with the endocytic apparatus
TL;DR: Observations suggest that phagolysosome formation is a highly dynamic process that involves the gradual and regulated acquisition of markers from endocytic organelles.