Journal ArticleDOI
Botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins: structure, function and therapeutic utility
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The relationships between structure, mechanism of action and therapeutic use of botulinum neurotoxins are discussed.About:
This article is published in Trends in Biochemical Sciences.The article was published on 2002-11-01. It has received 403 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Clostridium botulinum & Clostridium tetani.read more
Citations
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TI-VAMP/VAMP7 and VAMP3/cellubrevin: two v-SNARE proteins involved in specific steps of the autophagy/multivesicular body pathways.
TL;DR: Evidence is presented indicating that VAMP3 is required for the fusion between MVBs with autophagosomes to generate the amphisome, allowing the maturation of the autophagic pathway, but it does not seem to be involved in the next step, i.
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Long-Distance Retrograde Effects of Botulinum Neurotoxin A
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that catalytically active BoNT/A is retrogradely transported by central neurons and motoneurons and is then transcytosed to afferent synapses, in which it cleaves SNAP-25.
Journal ArticleDOI
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in acquired pathologic states: etiologic factors and molecular mechanisms.
TL;DR: The nicotinic (neuronal) α7 acetylcholine receptors, recently described to be expressed in muscle also, can be depolarized not only by acetyl choline and succinylcholine but also by choline, persistently, and possibly play a critical role in the hyperkalemic response to succinyl choline in patients with up-regulated AChRs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conversion of Mechanical Force into TGF-β-Mediated Biochemical Signals
Toru Maeda,Tomoya Sakabe,Ataru Sunaga,Keiko Sakai,Alexander L. Rivera,Douglas R. Keene,Takako Sasaki,Edward Stavnezer,Joseph P. Iannotti,Ronen Schweitzer,Dusko Ilic,Harihara Baskaran,Takao Sakai,Takao Sakai +13 more
TL;DR: A critical role for mechanical force is demonstrated in adult tendon homeostasis and this mechanism could translate physical force into biochemical signals in a much broader variety of tissues or systems in the body.
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The type III effectors of Xanthomonas
TL;DR: It is proposed that the effectors and suspected effectors should be distributed into 39 so-called Xop groups reflecting sequence similarity, which are related to T3 effectors of plant and animal pathogenic bacteria.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Synaptic vesicle membrane fusion complex: action of clostridial neurotoxins on assembly.
Tetsuya Hayashi,Harvey T. McMahon,S. Yamasaki,Thomas Binz,Yutaka Hata,Thomas C. Südhof,Heiner Niemann +6 more
TL;DR: The data suggest that synaptobrevin, syntaxin and SNAP‐25 associate into a unique stable complex that functions in synaptic vesicle exocytosis, suggesting that membrane fusion involves intermolecular interactions via coiled‐coil structures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Crystal structure of botulinum neurotoxin type A and implications for toxicity.
TL;DR: The crystal structure of the entire 1,285 amino acid di-chain neurotoxin was determined and the toxin appears as a hybrid of varied structural motifs and suggests a modular assembly of functional subunits to yield pathogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structural basis of the action of thermolysin and related zinc peptidases
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Botulinum Toxin Type A as a Migraine Preventive Treatment
TL;DR: The safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin type A (BOTOX; Allergan, Inc) in the prevention of migraine is assessed.
Journal ArticleDOI
How botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins block neurotransmitter release.
TL;DR: How the proteolytic attack at specific sites of the targets for BoNTs and TeNT induces perturbations of the fusogenic SNARE complex dynamics and how these alterations can account for the inhibition of spontaneous and evoked quantal neurotransmitter release by the neurotoxins are explained.
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How botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins block neurotransmitter release.
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