Child Trauma Exposure and Psychopathology: Mechanisms of Risk and Resilience.
TLDR
A biopsychosocial model is presented outlining the mechanisms that link child trauma with psychopathology and protective factors that can mitigate these risk pathways, highlighting novel directions for interventions aimed at preventing the onset of psychopathology following child trauma.Abstract:
Exposure to trauma in childhood is associated with elevated risk for multiple forms of psychopathology Here we present a biopsychosocial model outlining the mechanisms that link child trauma with psychopathology and protective factors that can mitigate these risk pathways We focus on four mechanisms of enhanced threat processing: information processing biases that facilitate rapid identification of environmental threats, disruptions in learning mechanisms underlying the acquisition of fear, heightened emotional responses to potential threats, and difficulty disengaging from negative emotional content Supportive relationships with caregivers, heightened sensitivity to rewarding and positive stimuli, and mature amygdala-prefrontal circuitry each serve as potential buffers of these risk pathways, highlighting novel directions for interventions aimed at preventing the onset of psychopathology following child traumaread more
Citations
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Neurocognitive Mechanism of Human Resilience: A Conceptual Framework and Empirical Review
Zai Fu Yao,Shulan Hsieh +1 more
TL;DR: The idea that cognitive flexibility moderates how well people adapt to adverse experiences, by shifting attention resources between cognition–emotion regulation and pain perception, is put forward.
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Corporal Punishment and Elevated Neural Response to Threat in Children.
TL;DR: It is suggested that spanking may alter neural responses to environmental threats in a manner similar to more severe forms of maltreatment.
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Why and how does early adversity influence development? Toward an integrated model of dimensions of environmental experience
TL;DR: In this article , an integrated model of dimensions of environmental experience, focusing on threat-based and deprivation-based forms of harshness, as well as unpredictability in those cues, is proposed.
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Adverse Childhood Experiences in Children with Intellectual Disabilities: An Exploratory Case-File Study in Dutch Residential Care.
Jessica Vervoort-Schel,Gabriëlle Mercera,Inge B. Wissink,Emmelie Mink,Peer van der Helm,Ramón J. L. Lindauer,Xavier Moonen +6 more
TL;DR: Living circumstances and multiple ACEs from the expanded ACEs framework, especially related to parental characteristics, were found to be related to ACEs in children with ID, implicates the importance of a transgenerational approach when further investigating the impact of ACEs on mental and physical health inChildren with ID.
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Resting state coupling between the amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex is related to household income in childhood and indexes future psychological vulnerability to stress.
Jamie L. Hanson,W. Dustin Albert,Ann T. Skinner,Shutian H. Shen,Kenneth A. Dodge,Jennifer E. Lansford +5 more
TL;DR: Exposure to poverty, neurobiological circuitry connected to emotion dysregulation, later exposure to stressful life events, and symptoms of psychopathology are focused on, and avenues for prediction of psychopathologies related to early life challenge are suggested.
References
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Dylan G. Gee,Laurel J. Gabard-Durnam,Jessica Flannery,Bonnie Goff,Kathryn L. Humphreys,Eva H. Telzer,Todd A. Hare,Susan Y. Bookheimer,Nim Tottenham +8 more
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